Sample newspaper article
EFFECTS OF LATER LEARNING OF 2ND LANGUAGE
第äºè¨èªã®ç¿å¾ã¯è³ã®åãé«ããã¨å¤ãã®ç 究ã§ç¤ºããã¦ããããå°å æã®ä¸é ã«å¦ç¿ãéå§ãã人ã«ããã®å¹æãåã¶ãã¨ãæ°ããç 究ã示åãããç 究è ãã¡ã¯ãè±èªã第äºè¨èªã¨ãã¦10æ³é ããå¦ã³å§ããè±å½ã«13ãæ以ä¸ä½ãã ãã¨ã®ãã30æ³åå¾ã®è¢«é¨è 20人ã®è³ã®ã¹ãã£ã³ç»åã調ã¹ããç»åã®åæã§ãè±èªãã話ããªãåä¸ä»£ã®25人ã¨æ¯è¼ããã¨ããã10æ³åå¾ã§è±èªã®å¦ç¿ãéå§ãæ¥ã è±èªã«æ¥ãã人ã ã¯ãè±èªã ãã話ãã¦æé·ãã人ã ã¨æ¯è¼ãã¦ãè³ã®ç½è³ªã®æ§é ã«åä¸ãè¦ãããã (Jan. 17)
Words and phrases
第äºè¨èª (daini gengo) second language; ç¿å¾ (shÅ«toku) learning ; è³ã®å (nÅ-chikara) brainpower; é«ãã (taka-) boost; å¤ãã® (Å-) plenty of; ç 究 (kenkyÅ«) research; 示ããã¦ãã (shime-) has shown; å°å æ (shÅniki) childhood; ä¸é (nakagoro) middle; å¦ç¿ (gakushÅ«) learning; éå§ã (kaishi-) begin; å¹æ (kÅka) effects; å㶠(oyo-) extend to; æ°ãã (atara-) new; 示åã (shisa-) suggests; ç 究è ãã¡ (kenkyÅ«shatachi) researchers; è±èª (Eigo) English; 10æ³é (jussaikoro) around age 10; å¦ã³å§ã (mana-haji-) started learning; è±å½ (Eikoku) Britain; 13ã¶æä»¥ä¸ (jÅ«san-kagetsu ijÅ) more than 13 months; ä½ãã (su-) lived; 30æ³åå¾ (sanjussai zengo) around the age of 30; 被é¨è (hikensha) subjects, people; ã¹ãã£ã³ (sukan) scan; ç»å (gazÅ) image; 調ã¹ã (shira-) studied; åæ (bunseki) analysis; ãã only; 話ã (hana-) spoke; åä¸ä»£ã® (dÅsedai) similar age; æ¯è¼ãã (hikaku-) compared; æ¥ã (hibi) daily life; æ¥ãã (set- ) immersed in; 人ã (hitobito) people; æé·ãã (seichÅ-) grew up; ç½è³ª (hakushitsu) white matter; æ§é (kÅzÅ) structure; åä¸ (kÅjÅ) improvements; è¦ããã (mi-) showed
Sample radio or television report
Daini gengo-no shÅ«toku-wa nÅ-no chikara-wo takameru-to Åku-no kenkyÅ«-de shimesarete kimashita-ga, shÅniki-no nakagoro-ni gakushÅ«-wo kaishi-shita hito-nimo sono kÅka-ga oyobu-koto-wo atarashii kenkyÅ«-ga shisa-shimashita. KenkyÅ«shatachi-wa, Eigo-wo daini gaikokugo-to-shite 10-sai-koro-kara manabihajime, Eikoku-ni 13-kagetsu ijÅ sundakoto-no aru 30-sai zengo-no hikensha 20-nin-no nÅ-no sukan gazÅ-wo shirabe-mashita. GazÅ-no bunseki-de, Eigo-shika hanasanai dÅsedai-no 25-nin-to hikaku-shita tokoro, 10-sai zengo-de Eigo-no gakushÅ«-wo kaishi-shi hibi Eigo-ni sesshita hitobito-wa, Eigo-dake-wo hanashite seichÅ-shita hitobito-to hikakushite, nÅ-no hakushitsu-no kÅzÅ -ni kÅjÅ-ga mireremashita.
Translation
Plenty of research has shown that learning a second language can boost brainpower, but a new study suggests that the effects extend to those who begin in middle childhood. Researchers studied brain scans from 20 people, all around the age of 30, who had lived in Britain for more than 13 months. They had all started learning English as a second language around age 10. Their imaging analyses were compared to 25 people of similar age who spoke only English. The study showed that people who began learning English around age 10 and were immersed in the language in daily life, showed improvements in the structure of the brain’s white matter compared to people who grew up speaking only English.
A conversation between acquaintances
A: Daini gengo-no shÅ«toku-wa nÅ-no chikara-wo takameru-to Åku-no kenkyÅ«-de-shimesarete-kita sÅ-desu-ne.
(I heard that plenty of research has shown that learning a second language can boost brainpower.)
B: Atarashii kenkyÅ«-ni yoruto, shÅniki-no nakagoro-ni gakushÅ«-wo kaishi-shita hito-nimo sono kÅka-ga oyobu-sÅ-desu-yo.
(According to a new study, the effects seem to extend to those who begin learning in middle childhood.)
A conversation between a husband and wife
H: Uchi-no musuko-mino Eigo-wo dekirudake hayaku manabaseta hÅ-ga iino-de-wa naika.
(I wonder if we should let our son study English as soon as possible.)
W: Kare-wa mada issai-yo.
(He is only 1-year-old.)
(No. 1244)