Hydropower dams are massive concrete walls placed inside rivers or streams to hold back water. Holes in the dam allow controlled amounts of water to pass through and as it moves through these holes, it passes through a machine, which converts that movement into electricity. Dams are incredible engineering marvels that represent one of the most beneficial and effective forms of electricity creation today.
First, dams positively impact the environment. Once constructed, these massive walls hold back tremendous amounts of water, forming artificial lakes. These lakes produce not only a wonderful habitat for fish but also a beautiful recreation area for local citizens, which serves to help the local population stay aware and respectful of nature. Additionally, through irrigation, these lakes bring to life millions of acres of ground that would otherwise lie barren.
Second, the power generated from a dam produces no harmful pollutants. This is in direct contrast to the dominant source of electricity production today—coal power plants, which are the leading cause of smog, acid rain, and air pollution. One large dam generates roughly the same amount of electricity as a typical coal plant. Consequently, dams, by replacing these plants, eliminate, among several other toxic pollutants, an average of 3.7 million tons of the global warming gas carbon dioxide per year.
Third, dams create no financial burden for the community. Because dams generate electricity and provide irrigation water for local agricultural concerns, they provide two means of bringing in revenue for owners. Combined, this revenue more than covers the significant expenses incurred during operation of the dam, resulting in significant profits. For example, the Grand Coulee Dam in Washington produces approximately 15 billion in revenue per year and requires only 5.7 billion in operating costs.
The reading states that Dams one of the most beneficial and effective forms of electricity creation today, and gives three reasons of support. However, the professor thinks that this topic needs more research as the author was too positive and didn’t mention a lot of drawbacks about the dams like the following.
First, the author asserts that dams positively impact the environment. However, the professor claims that nature suffers due to dams. He explains that water needs to be diverted from the original path of the river during building the dams. Consequently, migrating fish may lose their way and die. Furthermore, the dams are causing slowness in the stream which can lead to a decrease in the reproductivity in fish as they need fast water to lay their eggs.
Second, the passage posits that the power generated from a dam produces no harmful pollutants. On the contrary, the lecturer explains that this is not true. Floods that occur due to the dams cause the death of many planets in the surrounding areas. These planets turn to organic substances like methane which is one of the greenhouse gases and eventually can cause global warming. Also, eliminated planets will not participate in eliminating carbon dioxide gas from the atmosphere. Thus, more harmful gases in nature.
Third, the author states that dams create no financial burden for the community. However, the lecturer disagrees. He says that floods lead to relocating the people in the surrounding areas. This can cause a lot of financial damage to them. As dams are very expensive, they are built by aid from the government. Eventually, governments will recollect that money through local taxes.
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, consequently, first, furthermore, however, may, second, so, third, thus, as to, on the contrary
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 7.0 10.4613686534 67% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 7.0 5.04856512141 139% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 7.30242825607 68% => OK
Relative clauses : 13.0 12.0772626932 108% => OK
Pronoun: 22.0 22.412803532 98% => OK
Preposition: 34.0 30.3222958057 112% => OK
Nominalization: 4.0 5.01324503311 80% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1407.0 1373.03311258 102% => OK
No of words: 275.0 270.72406181 102% => OK
Chars per words: 5.11636363636 5.08290768461 101% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.07223819929 4.04702891845 101% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.68998509935 2.5805825403 104% => OK
Unique words: 156.0 145.348785872 107% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.567272727273 0.540411800872 105% => OK
syllable_count: 425.7 419.366225166 102% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 3.25607064018 154% => OK
Article: 9.0 8.23620309051 109% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 19.0 13.0662251656 145% => OK
Sentence length: 14.0 21.2450331126 66% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 38.8138536538 49.2860985944 79% => OK
Chars per sentence: 74.0526315789 110.228320801 67% => OK
Words per sentence: 14.4736842105 21.698381199 67% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.31578947368 7.06452816374 75% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 4.33554083885 115% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 8.0 4.45695364238 179% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.27373068433 140% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.139274566418 0.272083759551 51% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0356469267239 0.0996497079465 36% => Sentence topic similarity is low.
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0357511499466 0.0662205650399 54% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0793921445451 0.162205337803 49% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0267135806663 0.0443174109184 60% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 9.9 13.3589403974 74% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 65.73 53.8541721854 122% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 7.6 11.0289183223 69% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.82 12.2367328918 97% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.58 8.42419426049 102% => OK
difficult_words: 74.0 63.6247240618 116% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.5 10.7273730684 79% => OK
gunning_fog: 7.6 10.498013245 72% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 71.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 21.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.