Integrated tpo- writing 33
Carved stone balls are a curious type of artifact found at a number of locations in Scotland. They date from the late Neolithic period, around 4,000 years ago. They are round in shape; they were carved from several types of stone; most are about 70 mm in diameter; and many are ornamented to some degree. Archaeologists do not agree about their purpose and meaning, but there are several theories.
One theory is that the carved stone balls were weapons used in hunting or fighting. Some of the stone balls have been found with holes in them, and many have grooves on the surface. It is possible that a cord was strung through the holes or laid in the grooves around the ball. Holding the stone balls at the end of the cord would have allowed a person to swing it around or throw it.
A second theory is that the carved stone balls were used as part of a primitive system of weights and measures. The fact that they are so nearly uniform in size – at 70 mm in diameter – suggests that the balls were interchangeable and represented some standard unit of measure. They could have been used as standard weights to measure quantities of grain or other food, or anything that needed to be measured by weight on a balance or scale for the purpose of trade.
A third theory is that the carved stone balls served a social purpose as opposed to a practical or utilitarian one. This view is supported by the fact that many stone balls have elaborate designs. The elaborate carving suggests that the stones may have marked the important social status of their owners.
The reading and the lecture are both about the uses of carved stone ball which found in Scotland. The author of the reading feels that there are three possible theories of the advantages of this stone. The lecturer challenges the claims made by the author. He is think that these explanations are faulty.
To begin with, the author argues that the carved stone used for hunting or fighting. The article mentions that this caused a hole or groove for the cord to be inserted inside the carved stone ball to throw it or twist around. This specific argument makes in the lecturer. He claims that even if the carve stone used before for hunting, it supposed to have a crack or piece apart. Additionally, he says that the surface of the stone still well protected so; the first theory wasn’t right.
Secondly, the writer suggests that the carved stone used for measuring food, measure of grain or so. In the article, it says that because of the carved stone has a uniform size to use as a scale measuring tool. The lecturer, however, rebuts this by mentioning that the size of the stones was the same but, they were actually had different densities. He elaborates on this by bringing up the point that they made from a variety of stones types like, sand and green stone, so they weren’t probably used as tools for measurement.
Finally, the author posits that the design of the carved ball allows it to be use for special purposes. Moreover, the article states that due to the carving style of the stone which elaborates the social status of their owners. In contrast, the lecturer's opinion, is that carved stone should be simple enough to represent the social status of the owner. He notes that none of the people back there put the status in their graves as part of their social purposes.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 191, Rule ID: THIS_NNS[1]
Message: Did you mean 'these'?
Suggestion: these
... possible theories of the advantages of this stone. The lecturer challenges the clai...
^^^^
Line 1, column 203, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
...eories of the advantages of this stone. The lecturer challenges the claims made by ...
^^^
Line 1, column 264, Rule ID: BEEN_PART_AGREEMENT[1]
Message: Consider using a past participle here: 'thought'.
Suggestion: thought
...es the claims made by the author. He is think that these explanations are faulty. To...
^^^^^
Line 2, column 262, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...nd. This specific argument makes in the lecturer. He claims that even if the car...
^^
Line 2, column 297, Rule ID: A_INFINITVE[1]
Message: Probably a wrong construction: a/the + infinitive
...n the lecturer. He claims that even if the carve stone used before for hunting, it suppo...
^^^^^^^^^
Line 4, column 245, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[2]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'lecturers'' or 'lecturer's'?
Suggestion: lecturers'; lecturer's
...tatus of their owners. In contrast, the lecturers opinion, is that carved stone should be...
^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, but, finally, first, however, if, moreover, second, secondly, so, still, well, as to, in contrast, to begin with
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 10.0 10.4613686534 96% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 1.0 5.04856512141 20% => OK
Conjunction : 8.0 7.30242825607 110% => OK
Relative clauses : 16.0 12.0772626932 132% => OK
Pronoun: 35.0 22.412803532 156% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 40.0 30.3222958057 132% => OK
Nominalization: 2.0 5.01324503311 40% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1486.0 1373.03311258 108% => OK
No of words: 317.0 270.72406181 117% => OK
Chars per words: 4.68769716088 5.08290768461 92% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.21953715646 4.04702891845 104% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.34656639198 2.5805825403 91% => OK
Unique words: 164.0 145.348785872 113% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.517350157729 0.540411800872 96% => OK
syllable_count: 460.8 419.366225166 110% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 9.0 3.25607064018 276% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 11.0 8.23620309051 134% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 17.0 13.0662251656 130% => OK
Sentence length: 18.0 21.2450331126 85% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 33.3186357447 49.2860985944 68% => OK
Chars per sentence: 87.4117647059 110.228320801 79% => OK
Words per sentence: 18.6470588235 21.698381199 86% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.17647058824 7.06452816374 102% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 6.0 4.19205298013 143% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 4.33554083885 115% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 4.45695364238 90% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 8.0 4.27373068433 187% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.458846264746 0.272083759551 169% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.148485423835 0.0996497079465 149% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0891749578363 0.0662205650399 135% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.277607677224 0.162205337803 171% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0513403551953 0.0443174109184 116% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 10.0 13.3589403974 75% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 61.67 53.8541721854 115% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.1 11.0289183223 83% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 9.92 12.2367328918 81% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.02 8.42419426049 95% => OK
difficult_words: 70.0 63.6247240618 110% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 6.5 10.7273730684 61% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.2 10.498013245 88% => OK
text_standard: 10.0 11.2008830022 89% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.