1. The following appeared in the summary of a study on headaches suffered by the residents of Mentia.
"Salicylates are members of the same chemical family as aspirin, a medicine used to treat headaches. Although many foods are naturally rich in salicylates, for the past several decades, food-processing companies have also been adding salicylates to foods as preservatives. This rise in the commercial use of salicylates has been found to correlate with a steady decline in the average number of headaches reported by participants in our twenty-year study. Recently, food-processing companies have found that salicylates can also be used as flavor additives for foods. With this new use for salicylates, we can expect a continued steady decline in the number of headaches suffered by the average citizen of Mentia."
Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.
The note according to some dubious pieces of evidence and shaky assumptions about salicylates and its usage in the food industry as preservatives; concludes that the exteriors implementation of this substance as a flavor will lead to the further decrement of the complaints about the headaches. This conclusion cannot be accepted as it stands since its rearing hypotheses and evidence are all skeptical and illogical. The following paragraphs will list these doubts over the considered surmises.
First of all, in the note, by estimation of the belonging to the identical family, there is the expectation of a similar reaction from salicylates as aspirin that does painkiller. Sharing the same family does not give the same properties; maybe there are similarities in some aspects of physically or chemically, but having an identical reaction from two different materials is impossible. For instance, while graphic and diamond are from the same family, they do not possess similar physical and chemical property, this expectation from salicylates and aspirin is a dead-end job too.
Secondly, the note considers a study as the clue form the effectiveness of salicylates as a painkiller; however, in this consideration, a list of substantial concerns is overlooked. For example, the cases considered for the study is the exact representation of Mentia, since there is no information about the case studies and there is the possibility of the consideration of a group of people who do not have the same physiological stands as Mentia; so the effect which salicylates have on them will not have on Mentai denizens. Or if they are from Mentia and completely show the entire population, there are missing points about their lifestyle and diet during these twenty years. There is a probability that this group uses another type of painkiller besides the consumption of persevered food by salicylates; furthermore, the effect of that medicine is higher than salicylates for controlling the aches. In this case, this study with its missing cogent data about the conducted situations cannot be a reliable reference for the verification of salicylates effectiveness for headache reduction.
Finally, at the end of the note, there is a conclusion which assumed with additive usage of salicylates in foods as the flavor will end to a drastic reduction of the headache. Even the acceptance of treatment effect of salicylates for headache, this result is skeptical too, since, for each human being, there are limits for his intake materials; in addition, a consumption beyond this boundary, neither below not above, will cause the sever health issues on the individual. Therefore, the assumption that extra usage of salicylates as the flavor can be beyond the upper limit of intake for salicylates and causes the other side-effects. Moreover, there is no clue that salicylates as the flavor which goes under some chemical progression by foods components will depict the same function as it does as preservatives. Consequently, these result and expectation based on the lack of information about the boundary of usage and property alteration by combining with other food components are dubious ones.
To wrap it up, all the aforementioned clues explicitly illustrate this note and its relied evidence are shaky and unreliable. For verification of this note, there should be more clue about the conducted study and its considered population and chemical property of salicylates.
Comments
Essay evaluation report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 3.0 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 18 15
No. of Words: 549 350
No. of Characters: 2857 1500
No. of Different Words: 239 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.841 4.7
Average Word Length: 5.204 4.6
Word Length SD: 3.031 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 196 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 155 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 131 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 100 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 30.5 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 10.93 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.667 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.327 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.327 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.076 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 1 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 167, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'exteriors'' or 'exterior's'?
Suggestion: exteriors'; exterior's
...ry as preservatives; concludes that the exteriors implementation of this substance as a f...
^^^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 50, Rule ID: FROM_FORM[4]
Message: Did you mean 'from'?
Suggestion: from
... the note considers a study as the clue form the effectiveness of salicylates as a p...
^^^^
Line 3, column 464, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ological stands as Mentia; so the effect which salicylates have on them will not ...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
besides, but, consequently, finally, first, furthermore, however, if, look, may, moreover, second, secondly, so, therefore, while, for example, for instance, in addition, first of all
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 25.0 19.6327345309 127% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 10.0 12.9520958084 77% => OK
Conjunction : 20.0 11.1786427146 179% => OK
Relative clauses : 10.0 13.6137724551 73% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 33.0 28.8173652695 115% => OK
Preposition: 75.0 55.5748502994 135% => OK
Nominalization: 33.0 16.3942115768 201% => Less nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2920.0 2260.96107784 129% => OK
No of words: 549.0 441.139720559 124% => OK
Chars per words: 5.31876138434 5.12650576532 104% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.84053189512 4.56307096286 106% => OK
Word Length SD: 3.12560663287 2.78398813304 112% => OK
Unique words: 253.0 204.123752495 124% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.460837887067 0.468620217663 98% => OK
syllable_count: 956.7 705.55239521 136% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.7 1.59920159681 106% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 6.0 4.96107784431 121% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.76447105788 91% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 2.70958083832 74% => OK
Conjunction: 2.0 1.67365269461 119% => OK
Preposition: 8.0 4.22255489022 189% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 18.0 19.7664670659 91% => OK
Sentence length: 30.0 22.8473053892 131% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 64.4011348723 57.8364921388 111% => OK
Chars per sentence: 162.222222222 119.503703932 136% => OK
Words per sentence: 30.5 23.324526521 131% => OK
Discourse Markers: 10.1666666667 5.70786347227 178% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 3.0 5.25449101796 57% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 8.20758483034 49% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 10.0 6.88822355289 145% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.67664670659 86% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.18548319434 0.218282227539 85% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0638523128062 0.0743258471296 86% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0375875661169 0.0701772020484 54% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0978380102075 0.128457276422 76% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0435403154915 0.0628817314937 69% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 18.9 14.3799401198 131% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 32.57 48.3550499002 67% => OK
smog_index: 13.0 7.1628742515 181% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 16.2 12.197005988 133% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 14.17 12.5979740519 112% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.24 8.32208582834 111% => OK
difficult_words: 143.0 98.500998004 145% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 15.0 12.3882235529 121% => OK
gunning_fog: 14.0 11.1389221557 126% => OK
text_standard: 15.0 11.9071856287 126% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 66.67 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.