The causes of Little Ice Age(The reading passage uploaded as an image)

The reading passage and the lecture both discuss the potential reasons for occurrence of the little ice age. The author firmly states that scholars have been found number of causes for this contention that could reasonably explain the little ice age. However, the lecturer repudiates what the author states resting upon fallacious premises.

First off, what the author states regarding the disrupting of the Gulf Stream ocean currents refuted by the lecturer who contends that although disrupting has influenced temperature in Europe and North America, it cannot explain the cooling process happened in southern hemispheres suchlike News land and Southern Africa since the Gulf Stream did not cover these areas. Notwithstanding, the author assumes that melted glaciers water which find its way to the Gulf Stream, caused disruption in Gulf Stream currents which could be responsible for occurrence of the little ice age.

What is more, respecting the effects of volcanic eruption, the lecturer's view does not coincide with that of the author. The lecturer articulates that it is a common knowledge that enough amount of dust erupting from volcanoes can lower the temperature, but if this huge amount of dust had been produced by volcanoes, it would be produce striking visual effects such as colorful sunset and grey snow that could be easily seen by local people and yet there is no report of such observations which convey that the amount of dust were not strong enough for lowering the temperature. On the contrary, the author assumes that since dark clouds of dust could inhibit the sunlight from reaching the earth surface; this phenomenon could decrease the global temperature.

Finally, the lecturer does not further endorse the author's supposition concerning the influence of human population. The speaker declares that it is true that human populations had been decreased, but there was not enough time for trees to lower the amount of carbon dioxide significantly. The lecturer points out that the human populations grow back fairly quickly and initiate cutting down trees for farming; hence the time for trees to decrease the amount of carbon dioxide was not adequate enough. In marked contrast, the author believes that along with human population decrease, the amount of trees grow drastically and therefore the amount of greenhouse gases decreased and thus the earth became cooler.