Many countries require cigarette smokers to pay particularly high taxes on their purchases of cigarettes; similar taxes are being considered for unhealthy foods. The policy of imposing high taxes on cigarettes and other unhealthy products has a number of social benefits.
First of all, the taxes discourage people from indulging in unhealthy behaviors. Raising taxes on cigarettes, for instance, leads people to buy fewer of them. Smoking has declined as taxes on tobacco have risen, showing that these taxes do work to make society healthier. It can be expected that imposing similar taxes on unhealthy food and beverages would help reduce obesity rates.
Second, taxes of this kind are financially fair. When people get sick as a result of their smoking or eating unhealthy foods, they create medical costs. It is unfair that everyone in the society, including nonsmokers and people who follow a healthy diet, should contribute equally to covering these costs. Taxing people who engage in unhealthy behaviors creates extra income that can be used to cover the medical costs. In this way, some of the financial burden is shifted from all of society to just those who choose to participate in the unhealthy activities.
Finally, the high rate of taxation on cigarettes significantly increases revenue for the government. In addition to using this tax revenue on medical assistance, governments often use the revenue for other projects that benefit public welfare, such as building stadiums or creating public parks. Even basic government-supported services like public education benefit from these taxes. Thus, the taxes on cigarettes, and the proposed taxes on unhealthy foods, benefit everyone.
The reading and the lecture are both about imposing high rate of tax on cigarette and similar kind of unhealthy food items. The article presents three theories about the benefits of adding high tax rate on unhealthy food items. The lecturer disputes the claims made in the article. Her position is that, the effectiveness of the policy stated is disputable.
According the reading, carrying out high amount of tax on the tobacco has caused people to decrease its consumption. The article mentions that, imposing similar type of tax on different type of unhealthy food will assist government in decreasing the obesity rate among the consumers. However, this specific argument is challenged by the lecturer. She claims that, increasing the tax amount on tobacco will lead people to buy cheap product in low cost, which will exacerbate the health of the consumer, leading to further more health problems.
Secondly, the author suggests that, taxing people for involving in unhealthy activity will create a extra income for the government. In the article, it is said that, such income can be used to cover up the medical cost, which will shift the burden from normal people to those who are associated with unhealthy behavior. The lecturer however asserts that, imposing such high amount of tax without the consideration of the income is unfair, since; both the people with high income as well as people with the low income have to pay equal amount of tax. On top of that, such action will only create burden for citizen who have low income.
Finally, the author posits that, the taxation will increase the revenue of the country, which can be use in other nation building projects. In contrast, the lecturer stance is that, government will become more depend on such revenue. She notes that, as a result of over dependency on such revenue, it will prevent government from implementing laws to eradicate and remove unhealthy activity totally from the society since, government will be at loss if they lose income source.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 229, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
... high tax rate on unhealthy food items. The lecturer disputes the claims made in th...
^^^
Line 3, column 99, Rule ID: EN_A_VS_AN
Message: Use 'an' instead of 'a' if the following word starts with a vowel sound, e.g. 'an article', 'an hour'
Suggestion: an
...lving in unhealthy activity will create a extra income for the government. In the...
^
Line 3, column 479, Rule ID: BOTH_AS_WELL_AS[1]
Message: Probable usage error. Use 'and' after 'both'.
Suggestion: and
...since; both the people with high income as well as people with the low income have to pay ...
^^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
finally, however, if, second, secondly, so, well, in contrast, kind of, as a result, as well as, on top of that
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 11.0 10.4613686534 105% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 12.0 5.04856512141 238% => Less auxiliary verb wanted.
Conjunction : 3.0 7.30242825607 41% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 15.0 12.0772626932 124% => OK
Pronoun: 19.0 22.412803532 85% => OK
Preposition: 51.0 30.3222958057 168% => OK
Nominalization: 10.0 5.01324503311 199% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1686.0 1373.03311258 123% => OK
No of words: 336.0 270.72406181 124% => OK
Chars per words: 5.01785714286 5.08290768461 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.28139028586 4.04702891845 106% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.50237274023 2.5805825403 97% => OK
Unique words: 168.0 145.348785872 116% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.5 0.540411800872 93% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 527.4 419.366225166 126% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 6.0 3.25607064018 184% => OK
Article: 10.0 8.23620309051 121% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 15.0 13.0662251656 115% => OK
Sentence length: 22.0 21.2450331126 104% => OK
Sentence length SD: 57.2648428115 49.2860985944 116% => OK
Chars per sentence: 112.4 110.228320801 102% => OK
Words per sentence: 22.4 21.698381199 103% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.4 7.06452816374 105% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 3.0 4.19205298013 72% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 1.0 4.33554083885 23% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 11.0 4.45695364238 247% => Less negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.27373068433 70% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.2483259652 0.272083759551 91% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0919193424921 0.0996497079465 92% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0974337888049 0.0662205650399 147% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.16485809146 0.162205337803 102% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0923853639796 0.0443174109184 208% => More connections among paragraphs wanted.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.4 13.3589403974 100% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 49.15 53.8541721854 91% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.9 11.0289183223 108% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.13 12.2367328918 99% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.3 8.42419426049 99% => OK
difficult_words: 76.0 63.6247240618 119% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.0 10.7273730684 75% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.8 10.498013245 103% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.2008830022 107% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.