The passage mainly presents three pieces of evidence to prove that Sinosauropteryx has feathers. However, the professor casts a completely negative attitude toward each of these three evidence for the following reasons.
First off, the lecturer argues that results of decomposition are not skin. It is because there is no same decomposition of other birds buried in the same sites. As a matter of fact, the fossils at the same site preserved in volcano ash indicate that these fossils' conditions are more likely to be some functional structures like feathers, instead of skins. On the contrary, the article maintains that these structure are decomposition of skin on birds.
Second, the evidence mentioned in the passage that lines are frills is also unconvincing. According to the speaker, there is chemical difference between frills and feathers. Feathers contain protein known as beta-keratin; frills, on the other hand, do not have this kind of protein. As the analysis shows, these lines contain beta-keratin, which means these structure are supposed to be feathers.
At last, the professor points out feathers could have other functions than the use of flying. For example, birds like peacocks use their tails to attract mates, which means their feathers are used to display. Recent analysis shows these structure are colorful; they are orange and white. That indicates these structures are feathers for the use of flight rather than keeping warm.
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, first, however, if, second, so, for example, kind of, as a matter of fact, on the contrary, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 15.0 10.4613686534 143% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 1.0 5.04856512141 20% => OK
Conjunction : 2.0 7.30242825607 27% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 8.0 12.0772626932 66% => OK
Pronoun: 18.0 22.412803532 80% => OK
Preposition: 30.0 30.3222958057 99% => OK
Nominalization: 7.0 5.01324503311 140% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1232.0 1373.03311258 90% => OK
No of words: 231.0 270.72406181 85% => OK
Chars per words: 5.33333333333 5.08290768461 105% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.89854898053 4.04702891845 96% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.74509397619 2.5805825403 106% => OK
Unique words: 132.0 145.348785872 91% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.571428571429 0.540411800872 106% => OK
syllable_count: 380.7 419.366225166 91% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 3.25607064018 123% => OK
Interrogative: 0.0 0.116997792494 0% => OK
Article: 7.0 8.23620309051 85% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 5.0 2.5761589404 194% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 14.0 13.0662251656 107% => OK
Sentence length: 16.0 21.2450331126 75% => OK
Sentence length SD: 29.0187307561 49.2860985944 59% => The essay contains lots of sentences with the similar length. More sentence varieties wanted.
Chars per sentence: 88.0 110.228320801 80% => OK
Words per sentence: 16.5 21.698381199 76% => OK
Discourse Markers: 8.21428571429 7.06452816374 116% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 4.45695364238 67% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 7.0 4.27373068433 164% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.271436928989 0.272083759551 100% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0852388955106 0.0996497079465 86% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0494358843654 0.0662205650399 75% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.144791878864 0.162205337803 89% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0353401485559 0.0443174109184 80% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.9 13.3589403974 89% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 55.24 53.8541721854 103% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.5 11.0289183223 86% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.34 12.2367328918 109% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.33 8.42419426049 99% => OK
difficult_words: 57.0 63.6247240618 90% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.0 10.7273730684 75% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.4 10.498013245 80% => OK
text_standard: 8.0 11.2008830022 71% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 78.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 23.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.