Tpo 49
The author states that there are three theories confirm that the humpback whales may be navigating by stars to migrate long distance, and he provides three reasons for support. However, the professor asserts that the star navigation method is fascinating, but the three theories are unconvincing, and he refutes each of the author's reasons.
First, the reading claims that the whales are intelligent enough to use star navigate by. The lecture counters this point by saying that there is no connection between the intelligence and star navigation. Ther are other animals like ducks which are not intelligent enough using this technique to navigate. In fact, the animals born with this instinct function which is star navigation.
Second, the article points out that humpback whales migrate in a straight line by using the night stars to navigate. The professor contradicts this idea by telling that navigation in straight line needs external object force which is the earth magnetic field. Indeed, each magnetic field of the earth combined with biomagnetic of animals to help them to find their way. Therefore, whale used magnetic field rather than stars to navigate.
Third, the reading explains that humpback whales use unusual behavior known as spy-hopping to looking for stars. However, the professor asserts that the spy-hopping behavior is not useful to migrate. He says that there are other animals such as sharks which do not migrate using this behavior. Moreover, the whale used this strategy in the daytime, not on the night star. So this function does not a perfect speculation.
Comments
Essay evaluation report
no serious flaws found.
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Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 26 in 30
Category: Very Good Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 15 12
No. of Words: 256 250
No. of Characters: 1304 1200
No. of Different Words: 126 150
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4 4.2
Average Word Length: 5.094 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.481 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 95 80
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 77 60
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 50 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 21 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 17.067 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 5.31 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.733 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.339 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.562 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.126 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 4 4
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 5, column 342, Rule ID: HELP_TO_FIND[1]
Message: This phrase is probably grammatically incorrect. Write 'help them find' instead.
Suggestion: help them find
...combined with biomagnetic of animals to help them to find their way. Therefore, whale used magnet...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, first, however, look, may, moreover, second, so, therefore, third, in fact, such as
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 12.0 10.4613686534 115% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 1.0 5.04856512141 20% => OK
Conjunction : 4.0 7.30242825607 55% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 14.0 12.0772626932 116% => OK
Pronoun: 22.0 22.412803532 98% => OK
Preposition: 27.0 30.3222958057 89% => OK
Nominalization: 10.0 5.01324503311 199% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1343.0 1373.03311258 98% => OK
No of words: 256.0 270.72406181 95% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.24609375 5.08290768461 103% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.0 4.04702891845 99% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.58211989258 2.5805825403 100% => OK
Unique words: 132.0 145.348785872 91% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.515625 0.540411800872 95% => OK
syllable_count: 396.9 419.366225166 95% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 1.0 3.25607064018 31% => OK
Article: 10.0 8.23620309051 121% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 3.0 1.51434878587 198% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 15.0 13.0662251656 115% => OK
Sentence length: 17.0 21.2450331126 80% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 33.6634321879 49.2860985944 68% => OK
Chars per sentence: 89.5333333333 110.228320801 81% => OK
Words per sentence: 17.0666666667 21.698381199 79% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.86666666667 7.06452816374 83% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 7.0 4.33554083885 161% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 4.45695364238 67% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.27373068433 117% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.379798458282 0.272083759551 140% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.136219280602 0.0996497079465 137% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0848243714655 0.0662205650399 128% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.22551303704 0.162205337803 139% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0556791982982 0.0443174109184 126% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.8 13.3589403974 88% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 54.22 53.8541721854 101% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.9 11.0289183223 90% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.87 12.2367328918 105% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.0 8.42419426049 95% => OK
difficult_words: 57.0 63.6247240618 90% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.5 10.7273730684 107% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.8 10.498013245 84% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.2008830022 107% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.