Humans have long been fascinated by elephants, the largest land animal in the modern world. Social animals that live in herds, elephants are native to both Africa and Asia. Their large ears, long trunk, and long life span have made elephants one of the most captivating creatures on Earth. Our long-standing interest in elephants has led to several beliefs about surprising elephant behaviors.
Elephants Are Aware of Approaching Death
One of the popular beliefs is that when elephants become old and weak, they know that they are nearing the end of their lives. They demonstrate this by breaking away from their herds and going off alone to certain locations often found near bodies of water - so called "elephant graveyards" - to die alone. The idea that old elephants seem aware that they will die soon is supported by the discovery of many sites containing bones exclusively of elderly elephants.
Representing Objects through Art
Additionally, elephants seem to have artistic ability. Elephants can be taught to hold a paintbrush in their trunk and use it to paint on a canvas. Some elephants have been known to paint drawings that represent recognizable things: flowers, other elephants, even themselves. This talent makes elephants the only animal other than humans to produce art representing the world around them.
Fear of Mice
Finally, it has long been believed that elephants have a fear of mice. In 77 C.E., the Roman philosopher and scientist Pliny the Elder wrote that elephants are more afraid of mice, small mammals that can do elephants no harm, than of the much more dangerous animals with which elephants normally share an environment, such as lions or tigers. In a recent scientific experiment in which a herd of elephants was confronted with several mice, the elephants backed away from the mice and left the area to avoid them.
The reading passage mentions several beliefs about surprising elephant behaviors. And the lecture talks about the same issue. However, the speaker of the lecture thinks the three beliefs are not convincing. In order to support her point, she gives three reasons.
Firstly, the author of the reading passage believes that when elephants get old and weak, they are aware of aprroaching death. But in the lecturer does not think so. She asserts that the reason why old elephants break away from their herds is their teeth would worn down, and that will force them to eat some soft vegetations. Because they are eaier for old elefants to digest. What’s more, mentioned the spot where is near boidies of water, it is the place where can find soft grass. Therefore, those old elephants will die here.
Secondly, the reading passage shows that elephants is able to draw. Nevertheless, the lecturer thinks it is not true. She says that those elephants can hold a painbrush and use it to paint are trained by human beings. People can train the elephant to do this by touching its ear,which is the sensitive part of the elephant. In this case, some certain types of graphs that are painted by elephanted is the work of the mannipupation. Thus, we have no idea whether those pictures are flowers or some other stuff.
Finally, the author of the reading explains that elephants have a fear of mice. On the other hand, in the lecture, this belief does not make any sense. The reason why elephants are afraind of mice is not because that the mice put the threat on them but its unknown for them. Comparing to the elephants in the wild, the elephants in the zoon do not have a fear to mice, because they are familiar to them
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 262, Rule ID: PRP_PAST_PART[2]
Message: Did you mean 'have worn' or 'wear'?
Suggestion: have worn; wear
...y from their herds is their teeth would worn down, and that will force them to eat s...
^^^^
Line 5, column 279, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , which
... elephant to do this by touching its ear,which is the sensitive part of the elephant. ...
^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, finally, first, firstly, however, nevertheless, second, secondly, so, therefore, thus, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 16.0 10.4613686534 153% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 6.0 5.04856512141 119% => OK
Conjunction : 7.0 7.30242825607 96% => OK
Relative clauses : 12.0 12.0772626932 99% => OK
Pronoun: 33.0 22.412803532 147% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 35.0 30.3222958057 115% => OK
Nominalization: 1.0 5.01324503311 20% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1419.0 1373.03311258 103% => OK
No of words: 302.0 270.72406181 112% => OK
Chars per words: 4.69867549669 5.08290768461 92% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.1687104957 4.04702891845 103% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.37598875704 2.5805825403 92% => OK
Unique words: 159.0 145.348785872 109% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.526490066225 0.540411800872 97% => OK
syllable_count: 428.4 419.366225166 102% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.4 1.55342163355 90% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 8.0 3.25607064018 246% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 3.0 1.51434878587 198% => OK
Preposition: 4.0 2.5761589404 155% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 20.0 13.0662251656 153% => OK
Sentence length: 15.0 21.2450331126 71% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 33.0505673174 49.2860985944 67% => OK
Chars per sentence: 70.95 110.228320801 64% => OK
Words per sentence: 15.1 21.698381199 70% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.45 7.06452816374 77% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 4.33554083885 115% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 8.0 4.45695364238 179% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 7.0 4.27373068433 164% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.129254027546 0.272083759551 48% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.039046561293 0.0996497079465 39% => Sentence topic similarity is low.
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0391305329463 0.0662205650399 59% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0764829020719 0.162205337803 47% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0344369391763 0.0443174109184 78% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 8.3 13.3589403974 62% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 73.17 53.8541721854 136% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 6.8 11.0289183223 62% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 9.39 12.2367328918 77% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.05 8.42419426049 84% => OK
difficult_words: 51.0 63.6247240618 80% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 6.0 10.7273730684 56% => Linsear_write_formula is low.
gunning_fog: 8.0 10.498013245 76% => OK
text_standard: 8.0 11.2008830022 71% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 75.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.