TPO-23 Integrated Writing
Populations of the yellow cedar, a species of tree that is common in northwestern North America, have been steadily declining for more than a century now, since about 1880. Scientists have advanced several hypotheses explain this decline.
One hypothesis is that the yellow cedar decline may be caused by insect parasites, specifically the cedar bark beetle. This beetle is known to attack cedar trees; the beetle larvae eat the wood. There have been recorded instances of sustained beetle attacks overwhelming and killing yellow cedars, so this insectis a good candidate for the cause of the tree’s decline.
A second hypothesis attributes the decline to brown bears. Bears sometimes claw at the cedars in order to eat the tree bark, which has a high sugar content. In fact, the cedar bark can contain as much sugar as the wild berries that are a staple of the bears’ diet. Although the bears’ clawing is unlikely to destroy trees by itself, their aggressive feeding habits may critically weaken enough trees to be responsible for the decline.
The third hypothesis states that gradual changes of climate may be to blame. Over the last hundred years, the patterns of seasonal as well as day-to-day temperatures have changed in northwestern North America. These changes have affected the root systems of the yellow cedar trees: the fine surface roots now start growing in the late winter rather than in the early spring. The change in the timing of root growth may have significant consequences. Growing roots are sensitive and are therefore likely to suffer damage from partial freezing on cold winter nights. This frozen root damage may be capable of undermining the health of the whole tree, eventually killing it.
The reading and the lecture are about the reasoning why yellow cedar is declining in northwestern North America in the recent years. The author of the reading provides three important assumptions for explaining this damage. However, the professor thinks none of the reasons claimed in the reading are adequate to explain the main reasons why the overall populations of yellow cedar are declining and rebut each reason given in the reading.
The first reason for this damage of yellow cedar is insect parasites especially bark beetle, is claimed in the reading since beetle larvae eat the yellow cedar wood. The professor, on the other hand, refutes this point by saying that healthy yellow cedar has good resistance to survive. He also says that they produce lots of chemicals which are toxic to insect, and insects like bark beetle cannot stay in this trees. Therefore, bark beetle are not the fundamental reasons for the declining yellow cedar.
Secondly, the author mentions that as brown bears whose eat the cedar bark for their diet, they might be reasons for destroying the yellow forest. However, the lecturer states that even though they may be the reasons for the declining yellow cedar trees in the small range, they are not eating out all trees. Moreover, those bears are not on the island, where the same thing is occurring. So, this reasoning cannot explain properly why yellow cedar are destroying in both inland and island.
Thirdly, the reading avers that since climate change and trees roots because of cold temperature in the forest, most of the yellow cedar could not able to survive in this environment. The professor rebuts this point by saying a phenomenon of the environment. He says that in high elevation where the temperature is more colder than lower elevation might show more declining of yellow cedar. But, unlike the things, the population of yellow cedar in the lower elevation where the environment is warmer, also decline in the same rate. Therefore, it is obvious that climate is not the reason behind the declining of the population.
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- agree or disagree: Immigrants to a country should be forced to learn that country's language. 3
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 408, Rule ID: THIS_NNS[1]
Message: Did you mean 'these'?
Suggestion: these
...insects like bark beetle cannot stay in this trees. Therefore, bark beetle are not t...
^^^^
Line 7, column 316, Rule ID: MOST_COMPARATIVE[2]
Message: Use only 'colder' (without 'more') when you use the comparative.
Suggestion: colder
...high elevation where the temperature is more colder than lower elevation might show more de...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, however, may, moreover, second, secondly, so, therefore, third, thirdly, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 18.0 10.4613686534 172% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 6.0 5.04856512141 119% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 7.30242825607 68% => OK
Relative clauses : 12.0 12.0772626932 99% => OK
Pronoun: 23.0 22.412803532 103% => OK
Preposition: 38.0 30.3222958057 125% => OK
Nominalization: 9.0 5.01324503311 180% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1733.0 1373.03311258 126% => OK
No of words: 345.0 270.72406181 127% => OK
Chars per words: 5.0231884058 5.08290768461 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.3097767484 4.04702891845 106% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.41969792293 2.5805825403 94% => OK
Unique words: 161.0 145.348785872 111% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.466666666667 0.540411800872 86% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 530.1 419.366225166 126% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 7.0 3.25607064018 215% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 10.0 8.23620309051 121% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 16.0 13.0662251656 122% => OK
Sentence length: 21.0 21.2450331126 99% => OK
Sentence length SD: 38.7183338355 49.2860985944 79% => OK
Chars per sentence: 108.3125 110.228320801 98% => OK
Words per sentence: 21.5625 21.698381199 99% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.75 7.06452816374 96% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 4.33554083885 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 4.45695364238 112% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 8.0 4.27373068433 187% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.362932757175 0.272083759551 133% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.136185664388 0.0996497079465 137% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0771397721468 0.0662205650399 116% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.235122322372 0.162205337803 145% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0566691228631 0.0443174109184 128% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.0 13.3589403974 97% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 58.62 53.8541721854 109% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.3 11.0289183223 93% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.84 12.2367328918 97% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.74 8.42419426049 92% => OK
difficult_words: 67.0 63.6247240618 105% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 13.5 10.7273730684 126% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.4 10.498013245 99% => OK
text_standard: 10.0 11.2008830022 89% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.