Both reading and lecture try to discuss an ancient historical story about a new weapon called " burning mirror" which was used by Greeks to defend them self against Roman navy attack. it is made of a polished copper surface to focus suns rays to ships and set fire to them.the reading provide 3 reasons to refute this historical story about this new weapon but the lecturer dissaggrees with them all and provides reasons for it.
Firstly, the reading suggests that a mirror which can focus suns rays must be a large sheet of copper like several meters and building such a device needed an advanced technology which did not exist in ancient world.however the professor refutes this by stating that a device which can set fire onto ships can be provided by lots of little mirrors which did not need an advance technology.
Secondly,the reading states that in an experiment to put fire on wood within 30 meters away it took 10 minutes and the object must be unmoving. which means this weapon was not practical and effective in real battle, the lucturer casts doubt on this idea by stating that ships were not build by only wood but also, seal which used to resistants agianst water and it catch fire in seconds and spread out to the whole ships.
Thirdly, the reading asserts that Greeks already had a weapon to set fire on ships, flaming arrows. so Greeks had no reason to build a weapon like a burning mirror. the professor dismisses this reason due to the fact that in ancient world every army was familiar with flaming arrow so a new unknown weapon can surprises enemies and be more effective.
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 2, column 195, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: It
...nd them self against Roman navy attack. it is made of a polished copper surface to...
^^
Line 6, column 9, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , the
...need an advance technology. Secondly,the reading states that in an experiment to...
^^^^
Line 6, column 145, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Which
...inutes and the object must be unmoving. which means this weapon was not practical and...
^^^^^
Line 6, column 286, Rule ID: BEEN_PART_AGREEMENT[2]
Message: Consider using a past participle here: 'builded', 'built'.
Suggestion: builded; built
...his idea by stating that ships were not build by only wood but also, seal which used ...
^^^^^
Line 6, column 366, Rule ID: IT_VBZ[1]
Message: Did you mean 'catches'?
Suggestion: catches
...used to resistants agianst water and it catch fire in seconds and spread out to the w...
^^^^^
Line 8, column 101, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: So
...n to set fire on ships, flaming arrows. so Greeks had no reason to build a weapon ...
^^
Line 8, column 166, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: The
...o build a weapon like a burning mirror. the professor dismisses this reason due to...
^^^
Line 8, column 189, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... burning mirror. the professor dismisses this reason due to the fact that in anci...
^^
Line 8, column 312, Rule ID: DID_BASEFORM[2]
Message: The verb 'can' requires the base form of the verb: 'surprise'
Suggestion: surprise
...aming arrow so a new unknown weapon can surprises enemies and be more effective.
^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, firstly, however, second, secondly, so, third, thirdly
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 9.0 10.4613686534 86% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 7.0 5.04856512141 139% => OK
Conjunction : 11.0 7.30242825607 151% => OK
Relative clauses : 13.0 12.0772626932 108% => OK
Pronoun: 19.0 22.412803532 85% => OK
Preposition: 38.0 30.3222958057 125% => OK
Nominalization: 2.0 5.01324503311 40% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1333.0 1373.03311258 97% => OK
No of words: 283.0 270.72406181 105% => OK
Chars per words: 4.71024734982 5.08290768461 93% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.10153676581 4.04702891845 101% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.35493214398 2.5805825403 91% => OK
Unique words: 154.0 145.348785872 106% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.544169611307 0.540411800872 101% => OK
syllable_count: 405.0 419.366225166 97% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.4 1.55342163355 90% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 1.0 3.25607064018 31% => OK
Article: 6.0 8.23620309051 73% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 0.0 2.5761589404 0% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 8.0 13.0662251656 61% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 35.0 21.2450331126 165% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 97.3228358352 49.2860985944 197% => OK
Chars per sentence: 166.625 110.228320801 151% => OK
Words per sentence: 35.375 21.698381199 163% => OK
Discourse Markers: 9.0 7.06452816374 127% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 9.0 4.19205298013 215% => Less language errors wanted.
Sentences with positive sentiment : 1.0 4.33554083885 23% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 7.0 4.45695364238 157% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 0.0 4.27373068433 0% => More facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.386238985387 0.272083759551 142% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.188917489197 0.0996497079465 190% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0817593033393 0.0662205650399 123% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.237057327125 0.162205337803 146% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0714431634183 0.0443174109184 161% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 18.4 13.3589403974 138% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 52.87 53.8541721854 98% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 14.6 11.0289183223 132% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.63 12.2367328918 87% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.72 8.42419426049 104% => OK
difficult_words: 60.0 63.6247240618 94% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 18.0 10.7273730684 168% => OK
gunning_fog: 16.0 10.498013245 152% => OK
text_standard: 18.0 11.2008830022 161% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 70.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 21.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.