In this set of materials, the reading passage explores the impossibility of Pterosaurs' capability of powered flight, and the professor's lecture deals with the same topic. However, she casts doubts on these arguments, and in the lecture, she provides three specific points to substantiate her opinion.
To begin with, although the reading passage suggests that Pterosaurs have slow metabolism since they were likely cold-blooded, the professor argues in the lecture that Pterosaurs were warm-blooded animals rather than cold-blooded animals. This is because according to the fossil record, their body were covered with dense furs, which were used for maintaining body temperature in cold weathers. This finding indicates that they were warm-blooded animals with fast metabolism which generates sufficient energy for flying.
Moreover, despite the statement in the reading that Pterosaurs were too heavy to have the ability to fly, the professor contends that their bones were in fact hollow and light, which keeps their weight low, even though they had large body size. She supports this point with the fact that the hollow bones allow them to flap wings fast enough to fly in the air. Clearly, professor's argument refutes its counterpart in the reading passage.
Finally, the author of the reading claims that the back leg muscles of Pterosaurs were too weak to be used for launching themselves into the air, whereas the professor asserts that Pterosaurs were different from birds which used two limps to produce energy for running and jumping into the air. Then she explains that this claim is indefensible by pointing out that Pterosaurs actually used four legs to walk instead of two back limps. As a result, using four legs enable them not only run fast enough but also jump high enough off the ground. Accordingly, they did have the ability to fly.
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Discourse Markers used:
['accordingly', 'actually', 'also', 'but', 'finally', 'however', 'if', 'moreover', 'so', 'then', 'whereas', 'in fact', 'as a result', 'to begin with']
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance in Part of Speech:
Nouns: 0.240121580547 0.261695866417 92% => OK
Verbs: 0.176291793313 0.158904122519 111% => OK
Adjectives: 0.063829787234 0.0723426182421 88% => OK
Adverbs: 0.063829787234 0.0435111971325 147% => OK
Pronouns: 0.048632218845 0.0277247811725 175% => OK
Prepositions: 0.133738601824 0.128828473217 104% => OK
Participles: 0.0334346504559 0.0370669169778 90% => OK
Conjunctions: 2.57732184457 2.5805825403 100% => OK
Infinitives: 0.0334346504559 0.0208969081088 160% => OK
Particles: 0.00303951367781 0.00154638098197 197% => OK
Determiners: 0.09726443769 0.128158765124 76% => OK
Modal_auxiliary: 0.0 0.0158828679856 0% => OK
WH_determiners: 0.0182370820669 0.0114777025283 159% => OK
Vocabulary words and sentences:
No of characters: 1853.0 1645.83664459 113% => OK
No of words: 299.0 271.125827815 110% => OK
Chars per words: 6.19732441472 6.08160592843 102% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.1583189471 4.04852973271 103% => OK
words length more than 5 chars: 0.361204013378 0.374372842146 96% => OK
words length more than 6 chars: 0.290969899666 0.287516216867 101% => OK
words length more than 7 chars: 0.1872909699 0.187439937562 100% => OK
words length more than 8 chars: 0.127090301003 0.113142543107 112% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.57732184457 2.5805825403 100% => OK
Unique words: 169.0 145.348785872 116% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.565217391304 0.539623497131 105% => OK
Word variations: 59.7593444102 53.8517498576 111% => OK
How many sentences: 12.0 13.0529801325 92% => OK
Sentence length: 24.9166666667 21.7502111507 115% => OK
Sentence length SD: 69.609775415 49.3711431718 141% => OK
Chars per sentence: 154.416666667 132.220823453 117% => OK
Words per sentence: 24.9166666667 21.7502111507 115% => OK
Discourse Markers: 1.16666666667 0.878197800319 133% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 3.39072847682 0% => OK
Readability: 54.0136566332 50.5018328374 107% => OK
Elegance: 1.41052631579 1.90840788429 74% => OK
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.564733895537 0.549887131256 103% => OK
Sentence sentence coherence: 0.128478860267 0.142949733639 90% => OK
Sentence sentence coherence SD: 0.0816736221969 0.0787303798458 104% => OK
Sentence paragraph coherence: 0.602176873573 0.631733273073 95% => OK
Sentence paragraph coherence SD: 0.172282057288 0.139662658121 123% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.23466293173 0.266732575781 88% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.109932232249 0.103435571967 106% => OK
Paragraph paragraph coherence: 0.340534266988 0.414875509568 82% => OK
Paragraph paragraph coherence SD: 0.102578925377 0.0530846634433 193% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.376254766024 0.40443939384 93% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0865520766569 0.0528353158467 164% => OK
Task Achievement:
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 4.33554083885 115% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 4.45695364238 67% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.26048565121 94% => OK
Positive topic words: 4.0 3.49668874172 114% => OK
Negative topic words: 3.0 3.62251655629 83% => OK
Neutral topic words: 4.0 3.1766004415 126% => OK
Total topic words: 11.0 10.2958057395 107% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
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Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
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Note: This is not the final score. The e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.