Using the example of the urn plant, explain how epiphytes have adapted to life in the rain forest.
Epiphytes
In rain forests, the canopy produced by the upper layer of branches may be so dense that few plants can grow on the shady ground below. Even so, many plants have adapted to life in the rain forest, developing fascinating strategies for survival. For example, various species known as epiphytes use a host plant as a platform for growth. Although epiphytes grow on a host tree, they take no nutrients from the tree itself. Attached to the tree, sometimes 30 or 40 meters high, these aerial plants have access to sunlight but not to nutrients from the soil below. As a result, they have developed unusual mechanisms that have allowed them to overcome this problem.
| Post dates | Users | rates | Contents |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2018-08-04 | toeflbeginner | 50.00 | Check this speaking |
| 2018-10-02 | mgrajapt | 50.00 | Check this speaking |
| 2017-01-03 | mgrajapt | 80.00 | Check this speaking |
| 2019-11-01 | Seema Modak | 66.00 | Check this speaking |
| 2019-12-16 | Bobby1987 | 80.00 | Check this speaking |
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Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 559.0 592.248995984 94% => OK
No of words: 152.0 155.574297189 98% => More words wanted. You may: choose simpler words or speak faster or remove hesitations or remove long pauses, and fully use the time, do NOT save one or two seconds.
Chars per words: 3.67763157895 3.80514564318 97% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.51124308557 3.525876923 100% => OK
Word Length SD: 1.69597811277 1.79077849142 95% => OK
Unique words: 91.0 93.7148594378 97% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.598684210526 0.604071249207 99% => OK
Syllable count: 179.1 185.844578313 96% => OK
Avg_syllables_per_word: 1.2 1.19417670683 100% => OK
Performance on coherence:
Topic speech coherence ratio: 0.0130142722395 0.0650381309087 20% => It may have issues on recording quality or the content is not so closely related to content.
Acoustic performance on paragraphs:
How many acoustic paragraphs: 7.0 4.35341365462 161% => OK
Average paragraph length: 21.7142857143 68.503853103 32% => The average paragraph length is low.
STD paragraph length: 15.6908916774 21.3332995233 74% => OK
Average paragraph duration: 8.62285714286 25.9943957902 33% => The speaking content is not well organized.
STD paragraph duration: 5.8455006245 7.84667146824 74% => OK
Acoustic performance on sentences:
How many acoustic sentences: 27.0 42.0642570281 64% => OK
Average acoustic sentence length: 5.62962962963 4.02192344571 140% => OK
STD acoustic sentence length: 5.22209088356 3.1217529195 167% => OK
Average acoustic sentences duration: 2.11259259259 1.45093177766 146% => OK
STD acoustic sentences duration: 1.46840450727 0.99851816184 147% => OK
Acoustic performance on acoustic silence:(An acoustic silence means a little pause between two or more words)
How many acoustic silence: 24.0 39.0421686747 61% => OK
Total acoustic silence duration: 6.36 7.12997991968 89% => OK
Average acoustic silence duration: 0.265 0.185688545393 143% => Maybe the pauses are too long.
STD acoustic silence duration: 0.220548558523 0.155154303396 142% => OK
Acoustic performance on acoustic words:
Total word duration: 49.44 47.1480722892 105% => OK
Average word duration: 0.325263157895 0.305395592593 107% => OK
STD word duration: 0.212967588862 0.189427763521 112% => OK
Disfluencies: like hesitations, or 'ehn' or taking a long time to pronounce a word:
How many disfluencies: 20.0 7.94979919679 252% => It may have 'ehn' in the speaking, or it has hesitations or overlapping speeches.
Total_disfluencies_duration: 15.33 6.2937751004 244% => Somehow the hesitation is serious.
Total acoustic noise duration: 2.7 3.39508032129 80% => OK
Acoustic rates:
Total speech duration: 60.36 59.7592369478 101% => Need to finish the speech on time.
Compare to expected duration: 1.006 0.995987282463 101% => OK
Rate of silence: 0.397614314115 0.656000678711 61% => OK
Rate of speech: 2.5182239894 2.60215298798 97% => OK
Rate of speech by unique words: 1.50762094102 1.56821927147 96% => OK
Rate of word duration by unique words: 1.84061488673 1.99336655568 92% => OK
Average articulation rates: 0.286790730263 0.317803793328 90% => OK
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Rates: 60.0 out of 100
Scores by speech e-grader: 18.0 Out of 30
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Note: the speech e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas.