Canning Food

I'm Gwen Outen with the VOA Special English Development Report.

People have always had to find ways to keep food safe to eat.
Methods to dry, smoke and salt food were invented thousands of years
ago. The process of canning is much more recent. This storage method
keeps food safe to eat for long periods of time. Today, canning is
one of the most popular methods of storing food.

Canning uses heat to kill bacteria and other micro-organisms that
cause poisons to form in food. Canning also takes away the air that
these organisms need to live. One popular method of canning uses a
water bath.

Clean fruits or vegetables are placed in glass bottles. The food
can be put into the bottles either hot or cold. The cold method is
used for soft fruits and vegetables that could lose their shape or
taste. Firmer fruits and most vegetables are usually cooked. They
take up less space in the bottles.

After the food has been placed in glass bottles, boiling water is
poured into the bottles to about three centimeters below the top.
Then covers are placed on the bottles, but are not turned all the
way. The bottles are placed in a large container filled with warm
water that is then brought to a boil.

The water must completely cover the bottles, from three to five
centimeters over the top. When the water boils, any air in the
bottles will be expelled. The boiling continues for several minutes.
Then the bottles are allowed to cool. Finally, they are placed
briefly into cold water. This makes a strong barrier to keep the air
out. In other words, a vacuum is created.

When the bottles are completely cool, notes can be placed on them
to identify what is inside. The bottles can then be stored in a
cool, dark place at a temperature of between four and twenty-one
degrees Celsius.

Canning allows your family to enjoy foods that might not come
fresh throughout the year. It is also a good way to store food for
six months to a year, or even several years, in case of an
emergency. It does not cost much to continue canning every year once
the equipment has been purchased.

You can get more information about canning food from the group,
Volunteers in Technical Assistance. VITA is on the Internet at
vita.org.

This VOA Special English Development Report was written by Gary
Garriott. I'm Gwen Outen.