2004-8-26
This is Gwen Outen with the VOA Special English Economics Report.
A change in the United States banking system will affect how
thousands of millions of dollars in payments are processed. The new
law is known as Check Twenty-one. It takes effect in October.
A check is a written order to a bank to pay an amount of money.
People or businesses keep money in a bank. They write paper checks
to spend that money.
The Check Twenty-one law changes the way checks are processed.
Today, people write checks and send them as payment. Then they have
the right to have their checks returned to them from the bank for
record keeping. After October, they will no longer have that right.
Banks will keep only electronic images of the checks.
Americans will be able to ask for electronic copies of their
checks so they can dispute mistakes. But there is a limit to how
much money they can receive if a mistake has been made. Also, no
rules limit how much the electronic copies can cost.
In another big change, checks will be approved for payment
sooner. This will end what is called the "float." This is the
average time between when a check is written and when it is paid. A
check floats for several days as it is transported from bank to bank
to be approved for payment. Every day, thousands of millions of
dollars float through the system uncollected for payments.
With the new law, most checks will be approved in less than one
day. However, although checks will be approved sooner, banks will
not be required to provide payments sooner.
Americans write more checks than people in any other nation. They
also use electronic money exchanges more than anyone else.
The International Business Machines company makes equipment that
processes payments. It says that processing one paper check costs
from seven to fifteen cents. In the year two thousand, Americans
wrote about forty-three thousand million checks. Banks spend
thousands of millions of dollars processing checks. But Americans
are writing fewer checks each year. IBM says this creates cost
pressures on banks.
The new law does not necessarily reduce costs for all banks.
Banks that do not have the technology to electronically process
checks may have to seek the help of other banks. Or they may have to
end their checking services.
This VOA Special English Economics Report was written by Mario
Ritter. This is Gwen Outen.