The article states that there are some viable descriptions about mass-extinction that occurred 200 million years ago. The author mentions three possible explanations. However, the professor explains that none of these is a good explanation. She refutes each of the theories.
First, the reading argues that one theory involves the decline of sea levels which cause of dying coastal and shallow-ocean species. The author adds that this issue affected food chains, leading to mass extinction. Nevertheless, the professor refutes this point by stating that it is true that sea levels declined, but she explains that it occurred gradually and those species could adapt their lives.
Second, the article claims that another theory involves massive climate cooling, which was related to sulfur dioxide that was released by volcanoes. It was the cause of lowering in global temperatures. The professor contends that it happened in a short period of time. She explains that So2 can combine with the water of the air, and as a result, it will fall on the ground.
Third, the reading avers that the third theory suggests an asteroid strike. It provided large amounts of soil and crushed rock which blocked out sunlight for many months. As a result, most plants died and many animals starved to death. The lecture opposes this point by saying that if an asteroid struck to earth, scientists might find the crater. She adds that they found some craters but those are related to 12 million years before that accident.
- TOEFL T P O 21 - Integrated Writing Task 3
- At the end of the Triassic period 200 million years ago, there was a mass-extinction event that caused the extinction of more than half of all living species. It was this extinction event that allowed dinosaurs to become the dominant species for the next 68
- Like many creatures, humpback whales migrate long distances for feeding and mating purposes. How animals manage to migrate long distances is often puzzling. In the case of humpback whales, we may have found the answer: they may be navigating by the stars, 71
- A recent study reveals that people especially young people are reading far less literature—novels, plays, and poems—than they used to. This is troubling because the trend has unfortunate effects for the reading public, for culture in general, and for 81
- Because the world is changing so quickly, people now are less happy or less satisfied with their lives than people were in the past. 66
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 5, column 255, Rule ID: PERIOD_OF_TIME[1]
Message: Use simply 'period'.
Suggestion: period
...or contends that it happened in a short period of time. She explains that So2 can combine with...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, first, however, if, nevertheless, second, so, third, as a result, it is true
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 7.0 10.4613686534 67% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 4.0 5.04856512141 79% => OK
Conjunction : 7.0 7.30242825607 96% => OK
Relative clauses : 19.0 12.0772626932 157% => OK
Pronoun: 34.0 22.412803532 152% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 23.0 30.3222958057 76% => OK
Nominalization: 3.0 5.01324503311 60% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1267.0 1373.03311258 92% => OK
No of words: 247.0 270.72406181 91% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.12955465587 5.08290768461 101% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.96437052324 4.04702891845 98% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.53428360447 2.5805825403 98% => OK
Unique words: 150.0 145.348785872 103% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.607287449393 0.540411800872 112% => OK
syllable_count: 364.5 419.366225166 87% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 6.0 3.25607064018 184% => OK
Article: 10.0 8.23620309051 121% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 2.0 1.51434878587 132% => OK
Preposition: 0.0 2.5761589404 0% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 16.0 13.0662251656 122% => OK
Sentence length: 15.0 21.2450331126 71% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 38.768342433 49.2860985944 79% => OK
Chars per sentence: 79.1875 110.228320801 72% => OK
Words per sentence: 15.4375 21.698381199 71% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.0625 7.06452816374 72% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 2.0 4.33554083885 46% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 8.0 4.45695364238 179% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.27373068433 140% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.154571074172 0.272083759551 57% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0422533589879 0.0996497079465 42% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0562660407149 0.0662205650399 85% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0875357718938 0.162205337803 54% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0356501267055 0.0443174109184 80% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 10.5 13.3589403974 79% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 64.71 53.8541721854 120% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 8.0 11.0289183223 73% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.18 12.2367328918 100% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.54 8.42419426049 101% => OK
difficult_words: 65.0 63.6247240618 102% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 7.0 10.7273730684 65% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.0 10.498013245 76% => OK
text_standard: 8.0 11.2008830022 71% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 68.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 20.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.