The reading and the lecture are about the act of Altruism, which is a type of behavior in which a person or an animal sacrifices its own interest for another person or animal. The author of the reading states that altruism is the act of kindness where an individual selflessly helps another individual gain nothing for themselves. The lecturer casts doubt on the claims made by the author. She thinks that the reasons stated by the author in the article are not exactly true and opposes both the findings.
First of all, the author mentions that Humans unselfishly helps strangers and other family members. She believes we at times donate food to strangers, also we donate our organs to help our family members or outsiders. This is an altruistic act as we receive nothing in return. This point is challenged by the lecturer. She says that humans acts to donate organs are not at all altruistic. She elaborates that humans donate body organs to others but in return they do receive an appreciation amount and also they gain valuable respect among others.
Secondly, the author states that many animal species sacrifice food and their life to guide fellow animals. She explains this by giving the example of meerkats. Meerkats are mammals that dwell in burrows in grassland of Africa. These meerkat acts as a guard looking for predators, while the fellow meerkats hunt for the food. As the sentinel meerkat sees a predator, it provides an alarm cry alerting the other meerkats to run. The lecturer rebuts this satement made by the author. She states that the sentinel are not empty stomach and they already have their food before guarding. Furthermore, she claims that the sentinel on seeing a predator runs first as he is outside and can protect himself. While other meerkats are at risk. This proves that altruism is not always true.
- Altruism is a type of behavior in which an animal sacrifices its own interest for that of another animal or group of animals. Altruism is the opposite of selfishness; individuals performing altruistic acts gain nothing for themselves.Examples of altruism 83
- Reading time: 3 minutesEaster IslandApproximately 500 years ago, the flourishing society of Easter Island suffered a steep decline in population. Many theories have surfaced explaining how this could have happened to such a thriving culture. Within this s 65
- Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is better to use printed material such as books and articles to do research than it is to use the Internet. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 76
- Reading time: 3 minutesEaster IslandApproximately 500 years ago, the flourishing society of Easter Island suffered a steep decline in population. Many theories have surfaced explaining how this could have happened to such a thriving culture. Within this s 3
- Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Universities should give the same amount of money to their students’ sports activities as they give to their university libraries. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion. 70
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 332, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
...individual gain nothing for themselves. The lecturer casts doubt on the claims made...
^^^
Line 5, column 700, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “While” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
... he is outside and can protect himself. While other meerkats are at risk. This proves...
^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, furthermore, if, look, second, secondly, so, well, while, first of all
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 12.0 10.4613686534 115% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 1.0 5.04856512141 20% => OK
Conjunction : 11.0 7.30242825607 151% => OK
Relative clauses : 13.0 12.0772626932 108% => OK
Pronoun: 38.0 22.412803532 170% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 33.0 30.3222958057 109% => OK
Nominalization: 2.0 5.01324503311 40% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1527.0 1373.03311258 111% => OK
No of words: 314.0 270.72406181 116% => OK
Chars per words: 4.86305732484 5.08290768461 96% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.20951839842 4.04702891845 104% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.43037870271 2.5805825403 94% => OK
Unique words: 162.0 145.348785872 111% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.515923566879 0.540411800872 95% => OK
syllable_count: 468.0 419.366225166 112% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 12.0 3.25607064018 369% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 6.0 8.23620309051 73% => OK
Subordination: 3.0 1.25165562914 240% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 0.0 2.5761589404 0% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 20.0 13.0662251656 153% => OK
Sentence length: 15.0 21.2450331126 71% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 40.0677863127 49.2860985944 81% => OK
Chars per sentence: 76.35 110.228320801 69% => OK
Words per sentence: 15.7 21.698381199 72% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.4 7.06452816374 62% => OK
Paragraphs: 3.0 4.09492273731 73% => More paragraphs wanted.
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 9.0 4.33554083885 208% => Less positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 4.45695364238 135% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.27373068433 117% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.251583601771 0.272083759551 92% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0679525499174 0.0996497079465 68% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.114748012184 0.0662205650399 173% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.185365497158 0.162205337803 114% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.150023979534 0.0443174109184 339% => More connections among paragraphs wanted.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 9.3 13.3589403974 70% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 64.71 53.8541721854 120% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 8.0 11.0289183223 73% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.61 12.2367328918 87% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.95 8.42419426049 94% => OK
difficult_words: 71.0 63.6247240618 112% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 10.7273730684 103% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.0 10.498013245 76% => OK
text_standard: 8.0 11.2008830022 71% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Minimum four paragraphs wanted. The correct pattern:
para 1: introduction
para 2: doubt 1
para 3: doubt 2
para 4: doubt 3
Less contents wanted from the reading passages(25%), more content wanted from the lecture (75%).
Don't need a conclusion paragraph.
Read sample essays from ETS:
http://www.testbig.com/users/toeflwritingmaster
Rates: 60.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 18.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.