The following appeared as part of a letter to the editor of a scientific journal. "A recent study of eighteen rhesus monkeys provides clues as to the effects of birth order on an individual's levels of stimulation. The study showed that in stimulating situations (such as an encounter with an unfamiliar monkey), firstborn infant monkeys produce up to twice as much of the hormone cortisol, which primes the body for increased activity levels, as do their younger siblings. Firstborn humans also produce relatively high levels of cortisol in stimulating situations (such as the return of a parent after an absence). The study also found that during pregnancy, first-time mother monkeys had higher levels of cortisol than did those who had had several offspring." Write a response in which you discuss one or more alternative explanations that could rival the proposed explanation and explain how your explanation(s) can plausibly account for the facts presented in the argument.
In this argument the author claims that according to a research which is provided on the basis of a study on a specified number of rhesus monkey and the author concludes that there is an effect called “the effect of birth order” on individual’s cortisol level and then he related this to humans as they have affinity to monkeys. However, his reasons are not tenable nor convincing. In what follows I will delineate why I think so.
Although humans and monkeys have some common features and traits, there is still huge gap between them especially physiologically so an important item such as hormones levels cannot be concluded just by studying an special kind of animal. Furthermore, the level of all hormones changes during pregnancy especially the first one which may prompt the animal’s body to give birth more easily and keep it for other bearings. But, this cannot be a clue that humans have had such features or the high level of cortisol for many years as the author cites.
The author supposes that human firs-born babies have high level of cortisol according to the study in which certain animals are tested “rhesus monkey”. As we know the getting twice of the level of special hormone in newly born rhesus monkeys maybe specifically happened between this breed. Thus the author could not over generalize this item to other mammals neither to human race while still there is not enough study to support this claim.
The other frailty in the author’s claim is that the effect of birth order and the level of cortisol in first born monkeys is attenuated by confining the study to a limited number of monkeys. So he could not conclude that this can be a common feature in all animals or mammals. May be this happened just for a while or may be the high level of cotisol hormone in animal was due to the effect of being kept in a laboratory situation. Moreover, since the number of examined monkey are too short thus this conclusion cannot be cogent enough to make a sweeping statement for all humans.
In final analysis, the author’s surmise that human first- born child has more cortisol hormone than other siblings according to comparing him to other animals such as rhesus monkeys does not supported well enough to reach a wide conclusion. So if the author tends to enhance his theory , he should first boost the number of his samples and then divert it to other mammals. Besides, he should investigate scientific data of human blood test about cortisol hormone level at least for a decade and then compare them to support his hypothesis.
- Since those issues of Newsbeat magazine that featured political news on their front cover were the poorest-selling issues over the past three years, the publisher of Newsbeat has recommended that the magazine curtail its emphasis on politics to focus more 50
- In any situation, progress requires discussion among people who have contrasting points of view. Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In de 50
- The council of Maple County, concerned about the county's becoming overdeveloped, is debating a proposed measure that would prevent the development of existing farmland in the county. But the council is also concerned that such a restriction, by limiting 67
- Although innovations such as video, computers, and the Internet seem to offer schools improved methods for instructing students, these technologies all too often distract from real learning. Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you ag 60
- According to a recent report, cheating among college and university students is on the rise. However, Groveton College has successfully reduced student cheating by adopting an honor code, which calls for students to agree not to cheat in their academic en 40
flaws:
It is out of topic. read the reasons:
http://www.testbig.com/gmatgre-essays/following-appeared-part-letter-ed…
Attribute Value Ideal
Score: ? out of 6
Category: ? Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 16 15
No. of Words: 443 350
No. of Characters: 2071 1500
No. of Different Words: 205 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.588 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.675 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.372 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 149 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 99 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 59 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 30 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 27.688 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 11.612 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.875 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.35 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.579 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.153 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5