The following appeared in a health newsletter.
"A ten-year nationwide study of the effectiveness of wearing a helmet while bicycling indicates that ten years ago, approximately 35 percent of all bicyclists reported wearing helmets, whereas today that number is nearly 80 percent. Another study, however, suggests that during the same ten-year period, the number of bicycle-related accidents has increased 200 percent. These results demonstrate that bicyclists feel safer because they are wearing helmets, and they take more risks as a result. Thus, to reduce the number of serious injuries from bicycle accidents, the government should concentrate more on educating people about bicycle safety and less on encouraging or requiring bicyclists to wear helmets."
Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.
The author cites the details of his/her 10 year old study and primarily states that rate of bicyclists wearing helmets has increased from 35% to 80%. He/she further states in the study for the same duration, the bicyclist felt safer and endangered their lives by taking more risks ,ramifying into accidents. Finally the remedy stated by author is the acknowledgment by the government to educate people on the facet of bicycle safety in which wearing a helmet is somewhat an irrelevant entity to be considered. If the study is deeply scrutinized, it several loopholes and fallacious assumptions which the author has undertaken and stated in this study.
Primarily, the study states the rate of bicyclists wearing helmets has been increased. The study does not depicts how many people participated or what was the actual number of bicyclists who volunteered for the study. Hence such an assumption on inadequate data is belied. Also there are few unanswered questions to this argument; The people who interviewed priorly re-interviewed for wearing helmets? Was the same group of people considered for the study which was considered 10 years ago? What was age group of people who participated, only infants and aged people or only youth? Thus the argument is flawed unless it is bolstered by some concrete evidence.
Furthermore, the study entails bicyclists feel safer because of helmets and hence, endanger their lives resulting in accidents. There are several facets to this argument author has ignored. The study did not document the maintenance of bicycles, in case of a wretched bicycle deleterious events are inevitable. Similarly, the condition of roads were not recorded. Roads under inimical and pernicious shape may have contributed in mishaps of bicyclists. Also, it was not known, weather bicyclists themselves were responsible for accidents , for ignoring the traffic rules and breaking the law. Thus there are number of points to be considered and the author has undoubtedly ignored these facts which hinders the stated argument.
Finally, the point relating to educate the bicyclists about bicycle safety is valid. But the point inferring on ignorance to wear helmets is dubious. Helmets provide safety in any catastrophic events and safety saves sickness, suffering and sadness. Safety can be most expected or undertaken to take at most precaution unless there are some unfortunate events which are inevitable. Thus the study stated by author represents erroneous and invalid facts and is based on flawed and imprecise observations.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020-09-03 | zachary_dong | 57 | view |
| 2016-11-12 | Gs | 50 | view |
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 281, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma, but not before the comma
Suggestion: ,
...angered their lives by taking more risks ,ramifying into accidents. Finally the re...
^^
Line 1, column 309, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Finally,
...g more risks ,ramifying into accidents. Finally the remedy stated by author is the ackn...
^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 107, Rule ID: DOES_X_HAS[1]
Message: Did you mean 'depict'? As 'do' is already inflected, the verb cannot also be inflected.
Suggestion: depict
... has been increased. The study does not depicts how many people participated or what wa...
^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 107, Rule ID: DID_BASEFORM[3]
Message: The verb 'does' requires base form of the verb: 'depict'
Suggestion: depict
... has been increased. The study does not depicts how many people participated or what wa...
^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 219, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Hence,
...cyclists who volunteered for the study. Hence such an assumption on inadequate data i...
^^^^^
Line 3, column 274, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Also,
...ssumption on inadequate data is belied. Also there are few unanswered questions to t...
^^^^
Line 3, column 583, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Thus,
... infants and aged people or only youth? Thus the argument is flawed unless it is bol...
^^^^
Line 5, column 208, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...nt author has ignored. The study did not document the maintenance of bicycles, in...
^^
Line 5, column 260, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...he maintenance of bicycles, in case of a wretched bicycle deleterious events are ...
^^
Line 5, column 540, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma, but not before the comma
Suggestion: ,
...hemselves were responsible for accidents , for ignoring the traffic rules and brea...
^^
Line 5, column 596, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Thus,
...the traffic rules and breaking the law. Thus there are number of points to be consid...
^^^^
Line 7, column 383, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Thus,
...nfortunate events which are inevitable. Thus the study stated by author represents e...
^^^^
Discourse Markers used:
['also', 'but', 'finally', 'furthermore', 'hence', 'if', 'may', 'similarly', 'so', 'thus']
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance in Part of Speech:
Nouns: 0.261851015801 0.25644967241 102% => OK
Verbs: 0.20316027088 0.15541462614 131% => OK
Adjectives: 0.0744920993228 0.0836205057962 89% => OK
Adverbs: 0.0541760722348 0.0520304965353 104% => OK
Pronouns: 0.0135440180587 0.0272364105082 50% => OK
Prepositions: 0.10158013544 0.125424944231 81% => OK
Participles: 0.0812641083521 0.0416121511921 195% => Less participles wanted.
Conjunctions: 2.84690053611 2.79052419416 102% => OK
Infinitives: 0.020316027088 0.026700313972 76% => OK
Particles: 0.0 0.001811407834 0% => OK
Determiners: 0.097065462754 0.113004496875 86% => OK
Modal_auxiliary: 0.00451467268623 0.0255425247493 18% => Some modal verbs wanted.
WH_determiners: 0.0248306997743 0.0127820249294 194% => OK
Vocabulary words and sentences:
No of characters: 2554.0 2731.13054187 94% => OK
No of words: 404.0 446.07635468 91% => OK
Chars per words: 6.32178217822 6.12365571057 103% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.48327461151 4.57801047555 98% => OK
words length more than 5 chars: 0.415841584158 0.378187486979 110% => OK
words length more than 6 chars: 0.29702970297 0.287650121315 103% => OK
words length more than 7 chars: 0.215346534653 0.208842608468 103% => OK
words length more than 8 chars: 0.173267326733 0.135150697306 128% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.84690053611 2.79052419416 102% => OK
Unique words: 207.0 207.018472906 100% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.512376237624 0.469332199767 109% => OK
Word variations: 56.8093937152 52.1807786196 109% => OK
How many sentences: 23.0 20.039408867 115% => OK
Sentence length: 17.5652173913 23.2022227129 76% => OK
Sentence length SD: 36.6848325281 57.7814097925 63% => OK
Chars per sentence: 111.043478261 141.986410481 78% => OK
Words per sentence: 17.5652173913 23.2022227129 76% => OK
Discourse Markers: 0.434782608696 0.724660767414 60% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 5.14285714286 78% => OK
Language errors: 12.0 3.58251231527 335% => Correct essay format wanted or double check grammar & spelling issues after essay writing.
Readability: 47.2681876883 51.9672348444 91% => OK
Elegance: 1.64166666667 1.8405768891 89% => OK
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.295371785434 0.441005458295 67% => OK
Sentence sentence coherence: 0.0941064612299 0.135418324435 69% => OK
Sentence sentence coherence SD: 0.0768586306705 0.0829849096947 93% => OK
Sentence paragraph coherence: 0.474897148348 0.58762219726 81% => OK
Sentence paragraph coherence SD: 0.126769464097 0.147661913831 86% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.115644972374 0.193483328276 60% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0863201026459 0.0970749176394 89% => OK
Paragraph paragraph coherence: 0.410204734315 0.42659136922 96% => OK
Paragraph paragraph coherence SD: 0.0792318859046 0.0774707102158 102% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.211604120816 0.312017818177 68% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0764536143274 0.0698173142475 110% => OK
Task Achievement:
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 8.33743842365 72% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 11.0 6.87684729064 160% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.82512315271 124% => OK
Positive topic words: 3.0 6.46551724138 46% => OK
Negative topic words: 8.0 5.36822660099 149% => OK
Neutral topic words: 4.0 2.82389162562 142% => OK
Total topic words: 15.0 14.657635468 102% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
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Rates: 58.33 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.5 Out of 6 -- The score is based on the average performance of 20,000 argument essays. This e-grader is not smart enough to check on arguments.
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Note: This is not the final score. The e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.