A recent study by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention found that employees with paid sick leave are 28 percent less likely to be involved in a work-related accident than employees who do not receive payment for sick leave. Researchers hypothesize that employees with unpaid sick leave feel pressured to work during time of illness for fear of lack of pay. On-the-job accidents are then spurred by impaired judgment or motor skills due to illness or illness-related medications. The highest-risk occupations, such as construction, showed the highest discrepancy between paid and unpaid leave.
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to determine whether the researchers’ hypothesis is reasonable. Be sure to explain what effects the answers to these questions would have on the validity of the hypothesis.
The hypothesis given by the researchers tries to explain how paid/umpaid sick leaves are related to the number of work related accidents. However the hypothesis given is not completely reasonable beacuse it makes certains presumptions which gives room to lot of unanswered questions which question /challenge how cogent is the hypothesis given.
Firstly the hypothesis is based on the results of a study conducted by Center for disease control . So it is important to know that what was the sample space of the study conducted ? Beacuse the number work related accidents can be related to the nature of the job rather than the provision of paid/unpaid sick leaves . For example empolyees in a mining unit are more porne to work related accidents than empolyees sitting in an investment banking firm. So number of work related accidents in this case is to be attributed to the nature of work rather than number of paid or unpaid leaves .If this were to be true i.e if the study was based on different types of work than basis on which the hypothesis is made itself would be wrong because number of work related accidents is not dependent upon number of paid or unpaid sick leaves bur rather depends on the nature of work itself.
The hypothesis also states that work related accidents are spurred by impaired by judgement, motor skills ascribed to illness.If there were true then the question of how many of the accidents involved workers who were actually sick ? Because work related accidents can be driven by other factors rather than sickness . Consider two construction sites , work related accidents on one of the sites is less compared to others not because employees were not sick but rather beacuse the safety procedures followed , the saftey realted equipment /training given to empolyees on one of the sites was better yielding in less number of accidents . So it is important to answer many many sick people were actually involved in an accident beacuse accidents can happen due to other factors mentioned as above.
Researchers also hypothesize that sick employees are compelled to come to work because of fear of lack of pay but there is no evidence to support that , so the question of number of sick empolyees turning up to work in both the cases (i.e in cae of paid and unpaid sick leaves ) needs to answered to support the hypothesis. Employees might prioritize health when compared to work irrespective of whether they get paid for sick leaves or not.
The hypothesis given by researchers need to answers questions as mentioned above, provide more susbstantial evidence in order to make the hypothesis a cogent one , because the current hypothesis has many shortcomings making it a less compelling one.
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Comments
Essay evaluation report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 3.5 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 14 15
No. of Words: 460 350
No. of Characters: 2221 1500
No. of Different Words: 189 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.631 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.828 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.621 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 169 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 123 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 81 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 60 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 32.857 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 18.883 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.643 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.411 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.637 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.125 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 138, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: However
...to the number of work related accidents.However the hypothesis given is not completely ...
^^^^^^^
Line 1, column 138, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: However,
...to the number of work related accidents.However the hypothesis given is not completely ...
^^^^^^^
Line 2, column 98, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Don't put a space before the full stop
Suggestion: .
... conducted by Center for disease control . So it is important to know that what wa...
^^
Line 2, column 276, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ted to the nature of the job rather than the provision of paid/unpaid sick leaves...
^^
Line 2, column 318, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Don't put a space before the full stop
Suggestion: .
...the provision of paid/unpaid sick leaves . For example empolyees in a mining unit ...
^^
Line 2, column 589, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Don't put a space before the full stop
Suggestion: .
...her than number of paid or unpaid leaves .If this were to be true i.e if the study...
^^
Line 2, column 591, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: If
...r than number of paid or unpaid leaves .If this were to be true i.e if the study w...
^^
Line 2, column 827, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'leaves'' or 'leaf's'?
Suggestion: leaves'; leaf's
...dent upon number of paid or unpaid sick leaves bur rather depends on the nature of wor...
^^^^^^
Line 4, column 83, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ted accidents are spurred by impaired by judgement, motor skills ascribed to illn...
^^
Line 4, column 129, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: If
...ement, motor skills ascribed to illness.If there were true then the question of ho...
^^
Line 4, column 237, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “Because” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
...volved workers who were actually sick ? Because work related accidents can be driven by...
^^^^^^^
Line 4, column 319, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Don't put a space before the full stop
Suggestion: .
...en by other factors rather than sickness . Consider two construction sites , work...
^^
Line 4, column 330, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... factors rather than sickness . Consider two construction sites , work related ac...
^^
Line 4, column 354, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma, but not before the comma
Suggestion: ,
...kness . Consider two construction sites , work related accidents on one of the si...
^^
Line 4, column 512, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma, but not before the comma
Suggestion: ,
...r beacuse the safety procedures followed , the saftey realted equipment /training ...
^^
Line 4, column 640, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Don't put a space before the full stop
Suggestion: .
...ter yielding in less number of accidents . So it is important to answer many many ...
^^
Line 4, column 672, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a word
Suggestion: many
...ccidents . So it is important to answer many many sick people were actually involved in a...
^^^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 1, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...e to other factors mentioned as above. Researchers also hypothesize that sick e...
^^^^
Line 6, column 151, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma, but not before the comma
Suggestion: ,
...but there is no evidence to support that , so the question of number of sick empol...
^^
Line 6, column 276, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
....e in cae of paid and unpaid sick leaves needs to answered to support the hypothe...
^^
Line 8, column 45, Rule ID: TO_NON_BASE[1]
Message: The verb after "to" should be in the base form: 'answer'.
Suggestion: answer
...hypothesis given by researchers need to answers questions as mentioned above, provide m...
^^^^^^^
Line 8, column 162, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma, but not before the comma
Suggestion: ,
...rder to make the hypothesis a cogent one , because the current hypothesis has many...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, also, but, first, firstly, however, if, so, then, for example
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 27.0 19.6327345309 138% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 6.0 12.9520958084 46% => OK
Conjunction : 6.0 11.1786427146 54% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 9.0 13.6137724551 66% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 15.0 28.8173652695 52% => OK
Preposition: 72.0 55.5748502994 130% => OK
Nominalization: 9.0 16.3942115768 55% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2267.0 2260.96107784 100% => OK
No of words: 454.0 441.139720559 103% => OK
Chars per words: 4.99339207048 5.12650576532 97% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.61598047577 4.56307096286 101% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.74652436156 2.78398813304 99% => OK
Unique words: 191.0 204.123752495 94% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.420704845815 0.468620217663 90% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 720.0 705.55239521 102% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.59920159681 100% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 0.0 4.96107784431 0% => OK
Article: 4.0 8.76447105788 46% => OK
Subordination: 4.0 2.70958083832 148% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.67365269461 0% => OK
Preposition: 0.0 4.22255489022 0% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 13.0 19.7664670659 66% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 34.0 22.8473053892 149% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 110.396488238 57.8364921388 191% => OK
Chars per sentence: 174.384615385 119.503703932 146% => OK
Words per sentence: 34.9230769231 23.324526521 150% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.46153846154 5.70786347227 96% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 22.0 5.25449101796 419% => Less language errors wanted.
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 8.20758483034 37% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 9.0 6.88822355289 131% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 1.0 4.67664670659 21% => More facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.325018517188 0.218282227539 149% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.139163035054 0.0743258471296 187% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0620705707904 0.0701772020484 88% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.169738079879 0.128457276422 132% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0960284182884 0.0628817314937 153% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 19.5 14.3799401198 136% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 36.97 48.3550499002 76% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 16.6 12.197005988 136% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.25 12.5979740519 97% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.45 8.32208582834 102% => OK
difficult_words: 90.0 98.500998004 91% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 14.5 12.3882235529 117% => OK
gunning_fog: 15.6 11.1389221557 140% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.9071856287 76% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 50.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.