"Two studies of amphibians in Xanadu National Park confirm a significant decline in the numbers of amphibians. In 1975 there were seven species of amphibians in the park, and there were abundant numbers of each species. However, in 2002 only four species of amphibians were observed in the park, and the numbers of each species were drastically reduced. One proposed explanation is that the decline was caused by the introduction of trout into the park's waters, which began in 1975. (Trout are known to eat amphibian eggs.)"
Write a response in which you discuss one or more alternative explanations that could rival the proposed explanation and explain how your explanation(s) can plausibly account for the facts presented in the argument.
In the letter, the editor of an environmental magazine attribute the decline of amphibians in Xanadu national park to the introduction of trout into the park’s waters.to support that ,he/she points out the result of two studies which show the decline of both species and population of amphibians in the park.while i concede that the introduction of trout might be the reason,i maintain that other plausible explanation can also account for the facts presented in the argument.with only current information, we can not decide which explanation is the best.however,we cannot ignore other possible explanations.
To begin with,before considering the cause of the decline of amphibians ,we must consider whether the decline of amphibians in the park truly exist or not.absence of the detailed information of two studies contributes to the failure to rule out the possibility that the result of two studies is not accurate.it is possible that the researchers may only surveyed a specific area in the park where the population of amphibian is particular low in 2002 . what of equal possibility is that the studies may do not strictly in accordance with scientific procedures,like sample collection.survey data processing.any mistake in the procedures will lead to the wrong result.it is also possible that the amphibians change their living habit due to the change of the environment.for example,they used to come out during the day,and now they usually come out during the night.so the researchers cannot observe them by the traditional method.all the aforementioned explanation will pose a great challenge to the reliability of the result of studies.
In addition,even if we acknowledge the reliability of the result of survey,do the decline necessarily mean that the amphibian are endangered in the national park.it will be unfair if we keep blind to the possible scenario that some special situations lead to the phenomena about the decline of amphibian.during the 27 years, the environmental surrounding of the national park have been changed a lot.the climate change due to the greenhouse effect also has a great impact on the amphibian.all these possible factors may result in that the amphibians no longer fit in the survival environment of the park ,and therefore they move from this place to another as the habitat.if this is the case ,the introduction of trout will be less responsible.
Finally,granted that the decline of the amphibian is due to the death of the amphibian,there are a series of possible explanations expect the introduction of trout which could account for the decline. For the human cause,human beings have brought great pollution to the nature after the industry revolution.the quality of the water in the park might be polluted by the chemical substance or litter.the serious air pollution caused by industrial exhaust may occur near the national park.the toxic element from the polluted surrounding will enter in the food chain of the amphibian and cause a lot of death of amphibian.While we can not assert these factors are present ,we are confident that these explanations could rival the one proposed in the argument.
To summarize ,although it is reasonable to believe that the decline of amphibian in the park is ascribed to the introduction of trout,there are several alternative explanations that could challenge the editor’s one and plausibly account for the facts presented in the argument.it is unreasonable to draw a hasty conclusion about which explanation is the most suitable until the further examination is performed.
- "Two studies of amphibians in Xanadu National Park confirm a significant decline in the numbers of amphibians. In 1975 there were seven species of amphibians in the park, and there were abundant numbers of each species. However, in 2002 only four spe 42
- The following memorandum is from the business manager of Happy Pancake House restaurants."Recently, butter has been replaced by margarine in Happy Pancake House restaurants throughout the southwestern United States. This change, however, has had litt 50
Comments
Essay evaluation report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 3.0 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 11 15
No. of Words: 579 350
No. of Characters: 2962 1500
No. of Different Words: 254 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.905 4.7
Average Word Length: 5.116 4.6
Word Length SD: 3.085 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 206 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 172 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 126 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 94 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 52.636 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 30.278 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.636 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.445 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.672 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.219 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 188, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma, but not before the comma
Suggestion: ,
...o the park's waters.to support that ,he/she points out the result of two stud...
^^
Line 1, column 320, Rule ID: I_LOWERCASE[2]
Message: Did you mean 'I'?
Suggestion: I
...ulation of amphibians in the park.while i concede that the introduction of trout ...
^
Line 1, column 380, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , i
...ntroduction of trout might be the reason,i maintain that other plausible explanati...
^^
Line 1, column 381, Rule ID: I_LOWERCASE[2]
Message: Did you mean 'I'?
Suggestion: I
...troduction of trout might be the reason,i maintain that other plausible explanati...
^
Line 1, column 568, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , we
...de which explanation is the best.however,we cannot ignore other possible explanatio...
^^^
Line 5, column 1, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...gnore other possible explanations. To begin with,before considering the cau...
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Line 9, column 14, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , before
... explanations. To begin with,before considering the cause of the decline of...
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Line 9, column 72, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma, but not before the comma
Suggestion: ,
...g the cause of the decline of amphibians ,we must consider whether the decline of ...
^^
Line 9, column 450, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Don't put a space before the full stop
Suggestion: .
...n of amphibian is particular low in 2002 . what of equal possibility is that the s...
^^
Line 9, column 453, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: What
...f amphibian is particular low in 2002 . what of equal possibility is that the studie...
^^^^
Line 9, column 559, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , like
...in accordance with scientific procedures,like sample collection.survey data processin...
^^^^^
Line 9, column 780, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , they
...he change of the environment.for example,they used to come out during the day,and now...
^^^^^
Line 9, column 817, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , and
...ple,they used to come out during the day,and now they usually come out during the ni...
^^^^
Line 13, column 1, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...iability of the result of studies. In addition,even if we acknowledge the r...
^^^^^^^
Line 17, column 12, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , even
...sult of studies. In addition,even if we acknowledge the reliability of th...
^^^^^
Line 17, column 75, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , do
... the reliability of the result of survey,do the decline necessarily mean that the a...
^^^
Line 17, column 550, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...actors may result in that the amphibians no longer fit in the survival environmen...
^^
Line 17, column 605, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma, but not before the comma
Suggestion: ,
... in the survival environment of the park ,and therefore they move from this place ...
^^
Line 17, column 692, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma, but not before the comma
Suggestion: ,
...other as the habitat.if this is the case ,the introduction of trout will be less r...
^^
Line 21, column 1, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...of trout will be less responsible. Finally,granted that the decline of the ...
^^^^^^^
Line 25, column 8, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , granted
...be less responsible. Finally,granted that the decline of the amphibian is du...
^^^^^^^^
Line 25, column 87, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , there
...ian is due to the death of the amphibian,there are a series of possible explanations e...
^^^^^^
Line 25, column 176, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ct the introduction of trout which could account for the decline. For the human c...
^^
Line 25, column 222, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , human
...unt for the decline. For the human cause,human beings have brought great pollution to ...
^^^^^^
Line 25, column 620, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: While
...n and cause a lot of death of amphibian.While we can not assert these factors are pre...
^^^^^
Line 25, column 669, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma, but not before the comma
Suggestion: ,
...can not assert these factors are present ,we are confident that these explanations...
^^
Line 29, column 1, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... the one proposed in the argument. To summarize ,although it is reasonable ...
^^^^^^^
Line 33, column 13, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma, but not before the comma
Suggestion: ,
...n the argument. To summarize ,although it is reasonable to believe tha...
^^
Line 33, column 134, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , there
...is ascribed to the introduction of trout,there are several alternative explanations th...
^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, finally, however, if, may, so, therefore, while, for example, in addition, to begin with
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 23.0 19.6327345309 117% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 20.0 12.9520958084 154% => OK
Conjunction : 7.0 11.1786427146 63% => OK
Relative clauses : 19.0 13.6137724551 140% => OK
Pronoun: 40.0 28.8173652695 139% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 96.0 55.5748502994 173% => OK
Nominalization: 28.0 16.3942115768 171% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 3056.0 2260.96107784 135% => OK
No of words: 565.0 441.139720559 128% => OK
Chars per words: 5.40884955752 5.12650576532 106% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.87542086881 4.56307096286 107% => OK
Word Length SD: 3.30908681711 2.78398813304 119% => OK
Unique words: 258.0 204.123752495 126% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.456637168142 0.468620217663 97% => OK
syllable_count: 954.9 705.55239521 135% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.7 1.59920159681 106% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 11.0 4.96107784431 222% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 7.0 8.76447105788 80% => OK
Subordination: 6.0 2.70958083832 221% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 2.0 1.67365269461 119% => OK
Preposition: 9.0 4.22255489022 213% => Less preposition wanted as sentence beginnings.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 7.0 19.7664670659 35% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 80.0 22.8473053892 350% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 160.609553176 57.8364921388 278% => The lengths of sentences changed so frequently.
Chars per sentence: 436.571428571 119.503703932 365% => Less chars_per_sentence wanted.
Words per sentence: 80.7142857143 23.324526521 346% => Less words per sentence wanted.
Discourse Markers: 14.1428571429 5.70786347227 248% => Less transition words/phrases wanted.
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 29.0 5.25449101796 552% => Less language errors wanted.
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 8.20758483034 37% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 6.88822355289 58% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 0.0 4.67664670659 0% => More facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.227620099372 0.218282227539 104% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.12648441676 0.0743258471296 170% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0699330465512 0.0701772020484 100% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.140446393586 0.128457276422 109% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0451319750139 0.0628817314937 72% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 44.4 14.3799401198 309% => Automated_readability_index is high.
flesch_reading_ease: -18.18 48.3550499002 -38% => Flesch_reading_ease is low.
smog_index: 19.3 7.1628742515 269% => Smog_index is high.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 35.7 12.197005988 293% => Flesch kincaid grade is high.
coleman_liau_index: 15.28 12.5979740519 121% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 11.41 8.32208582834 137% => OK
difficult_words: 136.0 98.500998004 138% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 31.0 12.3882235529 250% => Linsear_write_formula is high.
gunning_fog: 34.0 11.1389221557 305% => Gunning_fog is high.
text_standard: 31.0 11.9071856287 260% => The average readability is very high. Good job!
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 66.67 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.