Agnostids were a group of marine animals that became extinct about 450 million years ago. Agnostid fossils can be found in rocks in many areas around the world. From the fossil remains, we know that agnostids were primitive arthropods-relatives of modern-day insects. However, the fossil information does not allow paleontologists to determine with certainty what agnostids ate or how they behaved. There are several different theories about how agnostids may have lived.
Free-Swimming Predators
First, the agnostids may have been free-swimming predators that hunted smaller animals. It is known that other types of primitive arthropods were strong swimmers and active predators, so it is reasonable that the agnostids may have lived that way as well And while the agnostids were small, sometimes just six millimeters long, there were plenty of smaller organisms in the ancient ocean for them to prey on.
Seafloor Dwellers
Second, they may have dwelled on the seafloor. Again, there are examples of other types of primitive arthropods living this way, so it is possible that agnostids did too. On the seafloor they would have survived by scavenging dead organisms or by grazing on bacteria.
Parasites
Third, there is the possibility that the agnostids were parasites, living on and feeding off larger organisms. One reason that this seems possible is that there are many species of modern-day arthropods that exist as parasites, such as fleas, ticks, and mites. The agnostids might have lived on primitive fish or even on other, larger arthropods.
The reasing passage proposed three hypothesis about how agnostids lived. however, from the listening materia, the professor mentioned three counterpoints againt the reading material.
First of al, the lecture take agnostids as an free-swimming predator, from the evidence that other types of promitive arthropods were strong swimminer and active predatord. Furthermore, these agnostids were small, and there are plenty of food in the ocean for them. however, the professor againt this point by offering the evidence that to become a predator, they shall have well develop eyes to provide vision, in the contrast, the agnostids had poor eyes showed in fossils, otherwise, these agnostids should have other sensory organs.
Secondly, the lecture proposed another theory about that agnostids could be seafloor dwellers. there are examples from other types of arthropods, living in the same way. however, the professor mentioned that seafloor dweller used to move slowly and stays in the same location waiting for foods, in contrast, agnostids can move easily and fast, also can reach the distance as far as they can, which shows from the locations that indicate there once were agnostids.
Thirdly, the lecture provide another explanation about that agnostids could be parasites, by the reason that many species of modern-day arthropods existed as parasites. however, the professor think that is impossible. Through the explanation by indicate that parasites used to be a small group, however, there were amount of agnostids, which would cause the dead of food.
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| 2020-01-24 | jewel | 76 | view |
| 2020-01-03 | jason_linnil | 76 | view |
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| 2019-11-04 | p0uya | 85 | view |
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 36, Rule ID: CD_NN[1]
Message: Possible agreement error. The noun 'hypothesis' seems to be countable, so consider using: 'hypotheses', 'hypothesises'.
Suggestion: hypotheses; hypothesises
The reasing passage proposed three hypothesis about how agnostids lived. however, fro...
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Line 1, column 74, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: However
...e hypothesis about how agnostids lived. however, from the listening materia, the profes...
^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 44, Rule ID: EN_A_VS_AN
Message: Use 'a' instead of 'an' if the following word doesn't start with a vowel sound, e.g. 'a sentence', 'a university'
Suggestion: a
...st of al, the lecture take agnostids as an free-swimming predator, from the eviden...
^^
Line 5, column 267, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: However
...e plenty of food in the ocean for them. however, the professor againt this point by off...
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Line 5, column 381, Rule ID: HAVE_PART_AGREEMENT[2]
Message: Possible agreement error -- use past participle here: 'developed'.
Suggestion: developed
...become a predator, they shall have well develop eyes to provide vision, in the contrast...
^^^^^^^
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Suggestion: There
...t agnostids could be seafloor dwellers. there are examples from other types of arthro...
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Suggestion: However
... of arthropods, living in the same way. however, the professor mentioned that seafloor...
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Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... in the same way. however, the professor mentioned that seafloor dweller used to ...
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Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: However
...rn-day arthropods existed as parasites. however, the professor think that is impossible...
^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, first, furthermore, however, second, secondly, so, third, thirdly, well, in contrast, in the same way
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 10.0 10.4613686534 96% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 8.0 5.04856512141 158% => OK
Conjunction : 4.0 7.30242825607 55% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 11.0 12.0772626932 91% => OK
Pronoun: 15.0 22.412803532 67% => OK
Preposition: 28.0 30.3222958057 92% => OK
Nominalization: 6.0 5.01324503311 120% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1333.0 1373.03311258 97% => OK
No of words: 241.0 270.72406181 89% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.53112033195 5.08290768461 109% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.94007293032 4.04702891845 97% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.64637270823 2.5805825403 103% => OK
Unique words: 132.0 145.348785872 91% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.547717842324 0.540411800872 101% => OK
syllable_count: 407.7 419.366225166 97% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.7 1.55342163355 109% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 3.25607064018 92% => OK
Article: 9.0 8.23620309051 109% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 6.0 2.5761589404 233% => Less preposition wanted as sentence beginnings.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 11.0 13.0662251656 84% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 21.0 21.2450331126 99% => OK
Sentence length SD: 77.1154549259 49.2860985944 156% => OK
Chars per sentence: 121.181818182 110.228320801 110% => OK
Words per sentence: 21.9090909091 21.698381199 101% => OK
Discourse Markers: 9.72727272727 7.06452816374 138% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 9.0 4.19205298013 215% => Less language errors wanted.
Sentences with positive sentiment : 2.0 4.33554083885 46% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 2.0 4.45695364238 45% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 7.0 4.27373068433 164% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.250537275096 0.272083759551 92% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0936050618129 0.0996497079465 94% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0524059457099 0.0662205650399 79% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.147837922186 0.162205337803 91% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0330154535507 0.0443174109184 74% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 15.6 13.3589403974 117% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 41.7 53.8541721854 77% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 12.7 11.0289183223 115% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 14.79 12.2367328918 121% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.54 8.42419426049 101% => OK
difficult_words: 59.0 63.6247240618 93% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 9.0 10.7273730684 84% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.4 10.498013245 99% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 76.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 23.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.