Altruism is a type of behavior in which an animal sacrifices its own interest for that of another animal or group of animals. Altruism is the opposite of selfishness; individuals performing altruistic acts gain nothing for themselves. Examples of altruism abound, both among humans and among other mammals. Unselfish acts among humans range from the sharing of food with strangers to the donation of body organs to family members, and even to strangers. Such acts are altruistic in that they benefit another, yet provide little reward to the one performing the act. In fact, many species of animals appear willing to sacrifice food, or even their life, to assist other members of their group. The meerkat, which is a mammal that dwells in burrows in grassland areas of Africa, is often cited as an example. In groups of meerkats, an individual acts as a sentinel, standing guard and looking out for predators while the others hunt for food or eat food they have obtained. If the sentinel meerkat sees a predator such as a hawk approaching the group, it gives an alarm cry alerting the other meerkats to run and seek shelter. By standing guard, the sentinel meerkat gains nothing—it goes without food while the others eat, and it places itself in grave danger. After it issues an alarm, it has to flee alone, which might make it more at risk to a predator, since animals in groups are often able to work together to fend off a predator. So the altruistic sentinel behavior helps ensure the survival of other members of the meerkat’s group.
The passage claims that a humans or any animals who show selfless act- altruism will get knowthing but suffering and provides three reasons to support it. The lecturer articulates that recent research have changed the past belief of the altruist acts performed by the humans or other animals; she says that people and animals who performed altruistic acts do have merit points and provies each reason to refute the claim of the passage.
First, the reading claims that in the meerkat animals, there is seenital who guard the whole group to alarm other group members in the presence of the predator; and they do it without eating any food. but, the lecturer refutes the point by saying that it eats the food before it takes a guard. furthermore, it is advantage for the seenital as it is the one who can run faster than the other in group when it sees a predator. Again, a lot of group do not know what to do either gather or run during the alarm, there is greater chance of the predator will attract to the other group members.
Second, the reading asserts that the people donate their organs for the relatives or even the strange without having any personal advantages. However, the speaker says that this kind of person derive their pleasure from non materialistic rewards like praise from the society. she added that sometimes they do so to prove their selfworth as well.
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| 2020-01-10 | faisalaldebei | 70 | view |
| 2020-01-03 | IceGreenTea31 | 75 | view |
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| 2019-12-24 | AdiAlarcon22 | 80 | view |
| 2019-12-24 | Manu2525 | 70 | view |
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 25, Rule ID: A_PLURAL[1]
Message: Don't use indefinite articles with plural words. Did you mean 'a human' or simply 'humans'?
Suggestion: a human; humans
The passage claims that a humans or any animals who show selfless act- a...
^^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 202, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: But
...and they do it without eating any food. but, the lecturer refutes the point by sayi...
^^^
Line 3, column 295, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Furthermore
... eats the food before it takes a guard. furthermore, it is advantage for the seenital as it...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 277, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: She
...c rewards like praise from the society. she added that sometimes they do so to prov...
^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, first, furthermore, however, second, so, well, kind of
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 4.0 10.4613686534 38% => More to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 3.0 5.04856512141 59% => OK
Conjunction : 9.0 7.30242825607 123% => OK
Relative clauses : 13.0 12.0772626932 108% => OK
Pronoun: 23.0 22.412803532 103% => OK
Preposition: 25.0 30.3222958057 82% => OK
Nominalization: 1.0 5.01324503311 20% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1138.0 1373.03311258 83% => OK
No of words: 241.0 270.72406181 89% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.72199170124 5.08290768461 93% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.94007293032 4.04702891845 97% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.31438579433 2.5805825403 90% => OK
Unique words: 140.0 145.348785872 96% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.580912863071 0.540411800872 107% => OK
syllable_count: 344.7 419.366225166 82% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.4 1.55342163355 90% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 3.25607064018 92% => OK
Article: 7.0 8.23620309051 85% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 0.0 2.5761589404 0% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 9.0 13.0662251656 69% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 26.0 21.2450331126 122% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 58.2582585678 49.2860985944 118% => OK
Chars per sentence: 126.444444444 110.228320801 115% => OK
Words per sentence: 26.7777777778 21.698381199 123% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.55555555556 7.06452816374 93% => OK
Paragraphs: 3.0 4.09492273731 73% => More paragraphs wanted.
Language errors: 4.0 4.19205298013 95% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 4.33554083885 138% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 2.0 4.45695364238 45% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 1.0 4.27373068433 23% => More facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.144395815912 0.272083759551 53% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0530734325084 0.0996497079465 53% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0504350173502 0.0662205650399 76% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0907928774286 0.162205337803 56% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0648203170794 0.0443174109184 146% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.2 13.3589403974 106% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 62.01 53.8541721854 115% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.1 11.0289183223 101% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.39 12.2367328918 85% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.66 8.42419426049 103% => OK
difficult_words: 57.0 63.6247240618 90% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 17.0 10.7273730684 158% => OK
gunning_fog: 12.4 10.498013245 118% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Minimum four paragraphs wanted. The correct pattern:
para 1: introduction
para 2: doubt 1
para 3: doubt 2
para 4: doubt 3
Less contents wanted from the reading passages(25%), more content wanted from the lecture (75%).
Don't need a conclusion paragraph.
Read sample essays from ETS:
http://www.testbig.com/users/toeflwritingmaster
Rates: 76.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 23.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.