animal's fossils containing actual tissues
In the reading, the author claims that there is an opportunity to study the actual animal tissues based on their fossils when one discovery on a 70-million-year-old fossil of Tyrannosaurus rex, a dinosaur, had the actual tissue. He supports his claim by pointing out three reasons. However, finding all the ideas questionable and implausible, the lecturer totally disputes the claim and presents some evidence to the contrary.
First, the author argues that based on plethora small branching channels in the hollows in T.rex's leg bone, which was broken purposefully by researchers, it could be implied that there were located blood vessels inside. Conversely, the lecturer brings up the idea that after an organism died bacteria often colonized hollows. According to him, these soft organic substances inside channels probably are the debris which left by bacteria colonies so it could not have corresponded to blood vessel inside the hollows.
In addition, the reading passage holds the view that the various part of inner bone shows the presence of spheres that could be the remains of red blood cells. On the other hand, the lecturer disputes this point by clarifying the fact that scientists found these spheres in other animals which have not red blood cells. Therefore the spheres probably inferred to the reddish mineral instead of red blood cells.
Finally, the author asserts based on the researchers' test on dinosaur leg bone, it contained collagen as the last point for supporting that there are remains of actual tissues of animal on their fossils. The lecturer, though, dismisses it by pointing out that since collagen could not have been lived more than 1000 years, the presence of collagen on a 70-million-year-old dinosaur is impossible. Furthermore, the lecturer states that collagen is more likely to come from a recent source, for instance, it comes from researchers’ skin who were handling the bone.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2017-04-13 | taraneh taj | 80 | view |
- TPO 20 – “let it burn” policy 65
- TPO 34Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?Educating children is a more difficult task today than it was in the past because they spend so much time on the cell phone, online games, and social networking Web site.Use specific reasons and 90
- animal's fossils containing actual tissues 80
- TPO 24 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?One of the best ways that parents can help their teenage children prepare for adult life is to encourage them to take a part-time job.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 73
- TPO 32Young people today have no influence on the important that determine the future of society as a whole. 73
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 321, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Therefore,
...animals which have not red blood cells. Therefore the spheres probably inferred to the re...
^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
conversely, finally, first, furthermore, however, if, so, therefore, for instance, in addition, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 11.0 10.4613686534 105% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 4.0 5.04856512141 79% => OK
Conjunction : 2.0 7.30242825607 27% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 15.0 12.0772626932 124% => OK
Pronoun: 23.0 22.412803532 103% => OK
Preposition: 42.0 30.3222958057 139% => OK
Nominalization: 5.0 5.01324503311 100% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1623.0 1373.03311258 118% => OK
No of words: 309.0 270.72406181 114% => OK
Chars per words: 5.25242718447 5.08290768461 103% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.1926597562 4.04702891845 104% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.86087071109 2.5805825403 111% => OK
Unique words: 172.0 145.348785872 118% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.556634304207 0.540411800872 103% => OK
syllable_count: 485.1 419.366225166 116% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 3.25607064018 154% => OK
Interrogative: 0.0 0.116997792494 0% => OK
Article: 11.0 8.23620309051 134% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 4.0 2.5761589404 155% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 12.0 13.0662251656 92% => OK
Sentence length: 25.0 21.2450331126 118% => OK
Sentence length SD: 51.4438744869 49.2860985944 104% => OK
Chars per sentence: 135.25 110.228320801 123% => OK
Words per sentence: 25.75 21.698381199 119% => OK
Discourse Markers: 9.41666666667 7.06452816374 133% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 4.45695364238 67% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.27373068433 117% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.170862850145 0.272083759551 63% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0520878712099 0.0996497079465 52% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0985821621779 0.0662205650399 149% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0936871598217 0.162205337803 58% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0848136124944 0.0443174109184 191% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 16.2 13.3589403974 121% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 46.1 53.8541721854 86% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 13.0 11.0289183223 118% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.47 12.2367328918 110% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.02 8.42419426049 107% => OK
difficult_words: 81.0 63.6247240618 127% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 14.5 10.7273730684 135% => OK
gunning_fog: 12.0 10.498013245 114% => OK
text_standard: 13.0 11.2008830022 116% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.