The emperor Claudius of Rome ruled an empire spanning three continents between 41 and 54 CE. His reign was of massive importance to the history of ancient European civilization. In fact, the emperor was among the most innovative, fair, and wise in all Roman history. However, because Claudius suffered from physical handicaps and spoke with a stutter, ancient authors were biased against him. Consequently, their descriptions of his time in power are almost uniformly hostile, and many ancient historians ignore all of the good that he did.
Claudius’s reign was important for its major innovations. He conquered the island of Britain and incorporated it into the Roman Empire. He also built a new harbor for Rome and oversaw the construction of several new aqueducts, which brought clean water into the city. He even created laws to protect the rights of slaves and expand Roman citizenship to new people. All of these facts suggest that he was a gifted ruler with strong judgment, despite what may be found in histories written by his detractors.
Another reason for the hostility of ancient authors toward the reign of Claudius has to do with the fact that the writers were usually of senatorial class. Claudius was not elected to power by the Senate and severely limited its traditional powers during his reign. However, illustrating his wisdom, instead of entrusting high bureaucratic positions to senators, he preferred to give them to trustworthy slaves and former slaves (freedmen), whom he felt were more loyal to him. They worked efficiently, creating a bureaucratic framework for all future emperors. Claudius should be praised for giving political opportunities to new groups of people such as former slaves and even the women of the imperial household, including his wives.ng.
The reading passage and the lecture offer opposing points regarding the emperor Claudius of Rome. While the passage affirms that the emperor was innovative, fair, and wise, the lecture dismisses this viewpoint to some extent.
The passage argues that having the island of Britain conquered and incorporated into the Roman Empire is a sign of Claudius's innovative reign; however, the professor says that Claudius also paid off the army and had the previous emperor assassinated, thereby, diminishing the idea of an innovative reign.
The professor is under the impression that Claudius was not that much fair because he wasn't a good judge, often enforcing illegal decisions, and besides, encouraging violent gladiator games. On the other hand, the passage asserts Claudius's fairness when stating that he protected the rights of slaves by instituting some laws.
Finally, although the passage claims that Claudius was so wise due to having former slaves entrusted in bureaucratic positions, the professor counter-argues by asserting that those slaves were notorious for being corrupt and were highly subjected for bribery. Besides, he gives the example of Nero who was made Claudius's heir and how he ruined the country later on. As for how he was wise for giving rights to women, the professor says that Claudius's wife murdered him with poisoned mushroom, therefore, discrediting Claudius's wisdom.
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| 2019-01-25 | toefltaker | 75 | view |
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 5, column 87, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: wasn't
...udius was not that much fair because he wasnt a good judge, often enforcing illegal d...
^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, besides, finally, however, if, regarding, so, therefore, while, as for, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 10.0 10.4613686534 96% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 0.0 5.04856512141 0% => OK
Conjunction : 7.0 7.30242825607 96% => OK
Relative clauses : 11.0 12.0772626932 91% => OK
Pronoun: 17.0 22.412803532 76% => OK
Preposition: 20.0 30.3222958057 66% => OK
Nominalization: 0.0 5.01324503311 0% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1187.0 1373.03311258 86% => OK
No of words: 218.0 270.72406181 81% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.44495412844 5.08290768461 107% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.84250218741 4.04702891845 95% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.7174747099 2.5805825403 105% => OK
Unique words: 133.0 145.348785872 92% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.610091743119 0.540411800872 113% => OK
syllable_count: 360.9 419.366225166 86% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.7 1.55342163355 109% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 1.0 3.25607064018 31% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 3.0 1.25165562914 240% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 2.0 1.51434878587 132% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 8.0 13.0662251656 61% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 27.0 21.2450331126 127% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 69.6696445735 49.2860985944 141% => OK
Chars per sentence: 148.375 110.228320801 135% => OK
Words per sentence: 27.25 21.698381199 126% => OK
Discourse Markers: 11.875 7.06452816374 168% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 4.33554083885 115% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 2.0 4.45695364238 45% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 1.0 4.27373068433 23% => More facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.17961898574 0.272083759551 66% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.084389003604 0.0996497079465 85% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0503376922215 0.0662205650399 76% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.116286124274 0.162205337803 72% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0530006427768 0.0443174109184 120% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 17.8 13.3589403974 133% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 35.61 53.8541721854 66% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 15.0 11.0289183223 136% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 14.57 12.2367328918 119% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.83 8.42419426049 117% => OK
difficult_words: 67.0 63.6247240618 105% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 14.0 10.7273730684 131% => OK
gunning_fog: 12.8 10.498013245 122% => OK
text_standard: 15.0 11.2008830022 134% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 88.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 26.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.