Ethanol fuel, made from plants such as corn and sugar cane, has been advocated by some people as an alternative to gasoline in the United States. However, many critics argue that ethanol is not a good replacement for gasoline for several reasons.
First, the increased use of ethanol fuel would not help to solve one of the biggest environmental problems caused by gasoline use: global warming. Like gasoline, ethanol releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere when it is burned for fuel and carbon dioxide is greenhouse gas: it helps trap heat in the atmosphere. Thus, ethanol offers no environmental advantage over gasoline.
Second, the production of significant amounts of ethanol would dramatically reduce the amount of plants available for uses other fuel. For example, much of the corn now grown in the United States is used to feed farm animals such as cows and chickens. It is estimated that if ethanol were used to satisfy just 10 percent of the fuel needs in the United States, more than 60 percent of the corn currently grown in the united stated would have to be used to produce ethanol. If most of the corn were used to produce ethanol, a substantial source of food for animals would disappear.
Third, ethanol fuel will never be able to compete with gasoline on price. Although the prices of ethanol and gasoline for the consumer are currently about the same, this is only because of the help in the form of tax subsidies given to ethanol producers by the United States government. These tax subsidies have cost the United States government over $11 billion in the past 30 years. If the United States government were to stop helping producers in this way, the price of ethanol would increase greatly.
The reading and the lecture are both about using ethanol for fuel, which is an alternative to gasoline. The author of the reading believes there are three reasons why ethanol can't replace gasoline. The lecturer challenges the statements made by the author. he is of the opinion that ethanol is a good alternative to gasoline.
First of all, the author suggests that ethanol has a bad effect on global warming. it is mentioned that ethanol releases carbon dioxide to atmosphere. The argument is refuted by the lecturer. he says ethanol usage won't add to global warming. Furthermore, he argues that ethanol is made from a plant. so, growing plants is good for reducing carbon dioxide.
Secondly, the article posits that using ethanol for fuel will reduce plants available for animals. The article notes that if 10 percent of the fuel needs is satisfied with ethanol, 60 percent of a food source for animals would be gone. The lecturer, however, rebuts this by asserting that it won't happen. he elaborates on this by mentioning that making of ethanol only requires non consumable part of a plant. so there would be enough for animals.
Finally, it is stated in the article that ethanol won't be cheaper than gasoline. The article establishes that the prices of gasoline and ethanol are currently being the same is because of the subside of tax from the Government. The lecturer, on the other hand, opposes that ethanol can compete with gasoline in price. he puts forth the idea that if people star buying ethanol more often, the production will increase, and as a result, the price would be even lower. And the lecturer says that it is estimated if the production of ethanol is 3 times greater than todays, the price would fall 40 percent.
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 176, Rule ID: CANT[1]
Message: Did you mean 'can't' or 'cannot'?
Suggestion: can't; cannot
...ves there are three reasons why ethanol cant replace gasoline. The lecturer challeng...
^^^^
Line 1, column 199, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
...sons why ethanol cant replace gasoline. The lecturer challenges the statements made...
^^^
Line 1, column 258, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: He
...nges the statements made by the author. he is of the opinion that ethanol is a goo...
^^
Line 2, column 83, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: It
...nol has a bad effect on global warming. it is mentioned that ethanol releases carb...
^^
Line 2, column 192, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: He
...he argument is refuted by the lecturer. he says ethanol usage wont add to global w...
^^
Line 2, column 300, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: So
...gues that ethanol is made from a plant. so, growing plants is good for reducing ca...
^^
Line 3, column 306, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: He
... this by asserting that it wont happen. he elaborates on this by mentioning that m...
^^
Line 3, column 411, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: So
...equires non consumable part of a plant. so there would be enough for animals. Fin...
^^
Line 4, column 188, Rule ID: A_INFINITVE[1]
Message: Probably a wrong construction: a/the + infinitive
... currently being the same is because of the subside of tax from the Government. The lecture...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 4, column 318, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: He
...nol can compete with gasoline in price. he puts forth the idea that if people star...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, finally, first, furthermore, however, if, second, secondly, so, as a result, first of all, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 20.0 10.4613686534 191% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 7.0 5.04856512141 139% => OK
Conjunction : 4.0 7.30242825607 55% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 14.0 12.0772626932 116% => OK
Pronoun: 24.0 22.412803532 107% => OK
Preposition: 29.0 30.3222958057 96% => OK
Nominalization: 4.0 5.01324503311 80% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1445.0 1373.03311258 105% => OK
No of words: 298.0 270.72406181 110% => OK
Chars per words: 4.84899328859 5.08290768461 95% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.15483772266 4.04702891845 103% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.50559708573 2.5805825403 97% => OK
Unique words: 151.0 145.348785872 104% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.506711409396 0.540411800872 94% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 462.6 419.366225166 110% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 7.0 3.25607064018 215% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 13.0 8.23620309051 158% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 2.0 1.51434878587 132% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 20.0 13.0662251656 153% => OK
Sentence length: 14.0 21.2450331126 66% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 33.6649298232 49.2860985944 68% => OK
Chars per sentence: 72.25 110.228320801 66% => OK
Words per sentence: 14.9 21.698381199 69% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.65 7.06452816374 80% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 10.0 4.19205298013 239% => Less language errors wanted.
Sentences with positive sentiment : 8.0 4.33554083885 185% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 4.45695364238 67% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 9.0 4.27373068433 211% => Less facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.31028913903 0.272083759551 114% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0992954025216 0.0996497079465 100% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0620836388055 0.0662205650399 94% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.190913080219 0.162205337803 118% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0289091863316 0.0443174109184 65% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 8.9 13.3589403974 67% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 57.27 53.8541721854 106% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 8.8 11.0289183223 80% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.26 12.2367328918 84% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.09 8.42419426049 96% => OK
difficult_words: 71.0 63.6247240618 112% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 4.5 10.7273730684 42% => Linsear_write_formula is low.
gunning_fog: 7.6 10.498013245 72% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 70.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 21.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.