Humpback whales migration using stars.
Both the reading passage and the lecture is both about whether humpback whales navigate by stars during migration or not. While the author feels that whales indeed have the ability and likeliness to use stars to navigate, the lecture challenges his view by disproving the reasons presented in the passage.
First of all, in the reading, humpback whales are believed to migrate according to stars because of their complex brains. Having such complexity, the brain of humpback whale definitely has the ability to use sky stars as a source to navigate by. However, the lecturer’s speech has pointed out that there is no correlation between the cognitive capability and likeliness to migrate using stars of a species. He gave the example of species of birds, such as ducks - whose brains much less developed than whales’. Despite their shortcomings in brain complexity, they have always used stars as road “signs”, as instructions during migration.
Next, the author claimed that whales migrations are in straight lines thanks to the following of stars. The lecturer opposed this by indicating that there is another external source for navigation that humpback whales are evolved to use. According to him, in the brains of humpback whales exists a substance sensitive to the Earth’s magnetic field, enabling them to rely on the magnetic field to navigate through the sea, migrating in straight lines like how the author described.
Finally, the reading assumed the spy-hopping behavior of whales as them taking a look at the stars to navigate. Spy-hop is the action of humpback whales floating head first for a few minutes, as if they are observing the sky. But, as the lecturer said, the phenomenon only happens during the day, when there is no star, and unrelated to migration, as it can even happen in animals that do not migrate. Sharks are used as an example by the lecture because they are also known to spy-hop to locate prey when hunting, disproving the connection between spy-hopping and star-navigating in humpback whales.
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, finally, first, however, if, look, so, while, such as, first of all
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 11.0 10.4613686534 105% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 1.0 5.04856512141 20% => OK
Conjunction : 6.0 7.30242825607 82% => OK
Relative clauses : 9.0 12.0772626932 75% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 18.0 22.412803532 80% => OK
Preposition: 52.0 30.3222958057 171% => OK
Nominalization: 7.0 5.01324503311 140% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1737.0 1373.03311258 127% => OK
No of words: 334.0 270.72406181 123% => OK
Chars per words: 5.2005988024 5.08290768461 102% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.27500489853 4.04702891845 106% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.84630270233 2.5805825403 110% => OK
Unique words: 178.0 145.348785872 122% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.532934131737 0.540411800872 99% => OK
syllable_count: 533.7 419.366225166 127% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 2.0 3.25607064018 61% => OK
Article: 7.0 8.23620309051 85% => OK
Subordination: 6.0 1.25165562914 479% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 4.0 2.5761589404 155% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 14.0 13.0662251656 107% => OK
Sentence length: 23.0 21.2450331126 108% => OK
Sentence length SD: 40.6443635172 49.2860985944 82% => OK
Chars per sentence: 124.071428571 110.228320801 113% => OK
Words per sentence: 23.8571428571 21.698381199 110% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.57142857143 7.06452816374 79% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 2.0 4.45695364238 45% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 8.0 4.27373068433 187% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.390004574288 0.272083759551 143% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.144088604305 0.0996497079465 145% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.080912321438 0.0662205650399 122% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.249898460998 0.162205337803 154% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0828437237711 0.0443174109184 187% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 15.0 13.3589403974 112% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 48.13 53.8541721854 89% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 12.3 11.0289183223 112% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.18 12.2367328918 108% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.65 8.42419426049 103% => OK
difficult_words: 82.0 63.6247240618 129% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 10.7273730684 103% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.2 10.498013245 107% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.2008830022 98% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.