The reading and the lecture are both about the navigation of Humpback whales. The author of the reading believes that use stars for course plotting. The lecturer cast doubts on the claims made in the article. He thinks that this is just a wrong speculation.
First of all, the author points out that it is thanks to their high intelligence that they are able to navigate using the stars. It is mentioned that Humpback whales have a very complex mind and a very developed cognitive ability that allows them to so. This point is challenged by the lecturer. He says that intellect has nothing to do with an animal’s navigating skills. Furthermore he argues that ducks which are fairly stupid animals have the capacity of navigating thus, making it just a mere instinct.
Secondly, the author states that Humpback whales migrate in a straight line. It is mentioned that for animals to do so they need an external object or force as a result, they must rely on start to be able to do so. The lecturer rebuts this argument. He suggests that they are probably depending on an external force. He elaborates on this by mentioning that Humpback whales have a special area of the brain that makes them sensitive to the magnetic field of earth therefore, they orientate by an external force.
Finally, the author states that Humpback whales bring their head above the water while migrating .The article establishes that they do so in order to look at the stars. On the other hand, the lecture posits that other animals do this as well but they don’t migrate. He also puts forth the idea that Humpback whales also do this at day time when no stars are visible
- Like many creatures, humpback whales migrate long distances for feeding and mating purposes. How animals manage to migrate long distances is often puzzling. In the case of humpback whales, we may have found the answer: they may be navigating by the stars, 61
- Did bees (a type of insect) exist on Earth as early as 200 million years ago? Such a theory is supported by the discovery of very old fossil structures that resemble bee nests. The structures have been found inside 200- million-year-old fossilized trees i 68
- Did bees (a type of insect) exist on Earth as early as 200 million years ago? Such a theory is supported by the discovery of very old fossil structures that resemble bee nests. The structures have been found inside 200- million-year-old fossilized trees i 75
- Ethanol fuel, made from plants such as corn and sugar cane, has been advocated by some people as an alternative to gasoline in the United States. However, many critics argue that ethanol is not a good replacement for gasoline for several reasons. First, t 80
- Moai of Easter Island 65
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 150, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
...ves that use stars for course plotting. The lecturer cast doubts on the claims made...
^^^
Line 3, column 379, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Furthermore,
...ith an animal's navigating skills. Furthermore he argues that ducks which are fairly s...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 273, Rule ID: PROGRESSIVE_VERBS[1]
Message: This verb is normally not used in the progressive form. Try a simple form instead.
...ts this argument. He suggests that they are probably depending on an external force. He elaborates on ...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 97, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Don't put a space before the full stop
Suggestion: .
...eir head above the water while migrating .The article establishes that they do so ...
^^
Line 7, column 99, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: The
...r head above the water while migrating .The article establishes that they do so in ...
^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, finally, first, furthermore, look, second, secondly, so, therefore, thus, well, while, as a result, first of all, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 11.0 10.4613686534 105% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 2.0 5.04856512141 40% => OK
Conjunction : 4.0 7.30242825607 55% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 19.0 12.0772626932 157% => OK
Pronoun: 44.0 22.412803532 196% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 32.0 30.3222958057 106% => OK
Nominalization: 4.0 5.01324503311 80% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1377.0 1373.03311258 100% => OK
No of words: 291.0 270.72406181 107% => OK
Chars per words: 4.73195876289 5.08290768461 93% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.13022058845 4.04702891845 102% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.4752479756 2.5805825403 96% => OK
Unique words: 152.0 145.348785872 105% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.522336769759 0.540411800872 97% => OK
syllable_count: 428.4 419.366225166 102% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 10.0 3.25607064018 307% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 9.0 8.23620309051 109% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 17.0 13.0662251656 130% => OK
Sentence length: 17.0 21.2450331126 80% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 43.9635741012 49.2860985944 89% => OK
Chars per sentence: 81.0 110.228320801 73% => OK
Words per sentence: 17.1176470588 21.698381199 79% => OK
Discourse Markers: 8.35294117647 7.06452816374 118% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 5.0 4.19205298013 119% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 4.33554083885 138% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 4.45695364238 135% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.27373068433 117% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.187070369994 0.272083759551 69% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0597849907165 0.0996497079465 60% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0483148129896 0.0662205650399 73% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.11633259086 0.162205337803 72% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0254756899859 0.0443174109184 57% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 9.4 13.3589403974 70% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 62.68 53.8541721854 116% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 8.7 11.0289183223 79% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 9.86 12.2367328918 81% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.74 8.42419426049 92% => OK
difficult_words: 60.0 63.6247240618 94% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 7.0 10.7273730684 65% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.8 10.498013245 84% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 61.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 18.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.