The reading and the lecture are both about whether agriculture and usage of pesticide will continue to harm the bird populations in the United States. The author of the reading feels that there are three reasons that the trend will continue. The lecturer challenged the claims made by the author. She is of the opinion that the reasons are unconvincing.
First, the author argues that birds' habitat will continue to decrease because of the growth of human population. In the article, it is stated that places that are ideal for bird to inhabit will inevitably be utilized for building home, mall, and offices. The lecturer, however, refutes the claims by mentioning that urban development is creating larger and better environment for some species of birds, which people have been complaining about. For example, the number of pigeons has gone up, which also support the population of pelicans which prey on pigeons. Therefore, bird populations are not uniformly declining.
Second, the author posits that bird habitats in the rural area are destroyed due to agriculture needs from the increasing human population. In contrast, the lecturer points out that the United States are using less land on agriculture comparing to the past. She says that the United States has introduced a new variety of crops that yield more crops per unit of land. Thus, there is no need to occupy excessive lands to produce crops.
Finally, the author notes that both the increase of agriculture and human expansion have increase the demand of pesticide. As pesticide polluting water and food of birds, they can be killed or prevented from reproducing. The lecturer rebuts this specific argument by suggesting that human has been aware of the negative impact on bird populations, so new and less harmful pesticide are being adopted now. Additionally, pest-resistant crops that will not harm the birds are being planted to reduce the needs of pesticide. Hence, it is incorrect to project that bird populations will continue to be harmed by pesticide.
- TOEFL T P O 21 Integrated Writing Task genetic modification 3
- In the past century the steady growth of the human population and the corresponding increase in agriculture and pesticide use have caused much harm to wildlife in the United States birds in particular Unfortunately for birds these trends are likely to con 81
- TOEFL T P O 21 Integrated Writing Task genetic modification 3
- TOEFL T P O 21 Integrated Writing Task genetic modification 3
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 243, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
...e reasons that the trend will continue. The lecturer challenged the claims made by ...
^^^
Line 2, column 1, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ion that the reasons are unconvincing. First, the author argues that birds habi...
^^^
Line 4, column 1, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...pulations are not uniformly declining. Second, the author posits that bird habi...
^^^
Line 6, column 1, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...cupy excessive lands to produce crops. Finally, the author notes that both the ...
^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, finally, first, hence, however, if, second, so, therefore, thus, for example, in contrast
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 21.0 10.4613686534 201% => Less to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 8.0 5.04856512141 158% => OK
Conjunction : 8.0 7.30242825607 110% => OK
Relative clauses : 18.0 12.0772626932 149% => OK
Pronoun: 21.0 22.412803532 94% => OK
Preposition: 43.0 30.3222958057 142% => OK
Nominalization: 6.0 5.01324503311 120% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1706.0 1373.03311258 124% => OK
No of words: 332.0 270.72406181 123% => OK
Chars per words: 5.13855421687 5.08290768461 101% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.2685907696 4.04702891845 105% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.67772947803 2.5805825403 104% => OK
Unique words: 174.0 145.348785872 120% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.524096385542 0.540411800872 97% => OK
syllable_count: 533.7 419.366225166 127% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 3.25607064018 154% => OK
Article: 10.0 8.23620309051 121% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 18.0 13.0662251656 138% => OK
Sentence length: 18.0 21.2450331126 85% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 38.6267354478 49.2860985944 78% => OK
Chars per sentence: 94.7777777778 110.228320801 86% => OK
Words per sentence: 18.4444444444 21.698381199 85% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.55555555556 7.06452816374 79% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 4.0 4.19205298013 95% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 7.0 4.33554083885 161% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 7.0 4.45695364238 157% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.27373068433 94% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.305978557939 0.272083759551 112% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.089924346769 0.0996497079465 90% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0615192799147 0.0662205650399 93% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.173755216435 0.162205337803 107% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.024778926334 0.0443174109184 56% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.0 13.3589403974 90% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 53.21 53.8541721854 99% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.3 11.0289183223 93% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.53 12.2367328918 102% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.81 8.42419426049 105% => OK
difficult_words: 90.0 63.6247240618 141% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.5 10.7273730684 79% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.2 10.498013245 88% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 81.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.