Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they challenge the specific arguments presented in the reading passage.
The Salton Sea in California is actually a salty inland lake. The level of salt in the lake’s water—what scientists call its salinity—has been increasing steadily for years because the lake’s water is evaporating faster than it is being replaced by rainfall or rivers. If the trend continues, the lake’s water will soon become so salty that the lake will be unable to support fish and bird populations. The lake would then become essentially a dead zone. Fortunately, there are several ways to reverse the trend that is threatening the lake’s health.
One option is direct removal of salt from the lake’s water in special desalination facilities. Water from the lake would be pumped into the facilities and heated. This would cause the water to evaporate into steam, while salt and other materials dissolved in the water would be left behind. The steam would then be cooled down and returned to the lake as salt-free water. Gradually, the high salt levels would be reduced and the lake’s overall health would be restored.
Another possible solution is to dilute the salt level in the lake with water from the ocean. Since water in the Pacific Ocean is 20 percent less salty than water in the lake, bringing ocean water into the lake would decrease the lake’s salinity. The ocean water could be delivered through pipelines or canals.
Yet another solution would be to control the lake’s salinity by constructing walls to divide the lake into several sections. In the smaller sections, salinity would be allowed to increase. However, in the main and largest section, salinity would be reduced and controlled by, among other things, directing all the freshwater from small rivers in the area to flow into that main section of the lake.
The lecture and the article are both regarding charging tax for unhealthy products, such as cigarettes, to increase people's wellbeing. The writer of the article approves this idea and provided three benefits. However the professor in the lecture stands against the idea and challenges these points.
To begin with, the article claims that taxes will prevent people from buying unhealthy product. Since rising tax on tobacco comes with decline in smoking, it is expected people would have similar behavior regarding unhealthy food. However the professor suggests that high tax does not necessarily leads to people changing their behavior. In fact, some people tends to buy cheaper and more harmful cigarettes if the price goes up, leaving even less money to buy healthy foods. This could also happens in the case of unhealthy foods.
Next, the article propose that taxes on unhealthy product is fair since those buyers should be charged more to cover their medical costs. With these taxes, financial burden would be shifted to those who actually use the money. The professor is disagree with the assumption. She think fairness should not be defined in such simple perspective. She also points out the tax does not consider the poor. Poor people addicted to cigarettes will experience more pressure than those who are wealthy.
Last but not least, the article states that the money is good for the government's revenue. These money could go into other projects that benefits everyone. The professor does not agree to this conclusion. She thinks government will become too dependent on this income. She also doubt that governments would attempt to fix smoking problem if they have this income.
- Summarize the points made in the lecture being sure to explain how they challenge the specific arguments presented in the reading passage The lecture and the article are both regarding charging tax for unhealthy products such as cigarettes to increase peo 65
- Summarize the points made in the lecture being sure to explain how they challenge the specific arguments presented in the reading passage The Salton Sea in California is actually a salty inland lake The level of salt in the lake s water what scientists ca 3
- Summarize the points made in the lecture being sure to explain how they challenge the specific arguments presented in the reading passage The Salton Sea in California is actually a salty inland lake The level of salt in the lake s water what scientists ca 75
Comments
Essay evaluations by e-grader
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 210, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: However,
... this idea and provided three benefits. However the professor in the lecture stands aga...
^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 232, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: However,
...ilar behavior regarding unhealthy food. However the professor suggests that high tax do...
^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 298, Rule ID: DID_BASEFORM[3]
Message: The verb 'does' requires base form of the verb: 'lead'
Suggestion: lead
...ests that high tax does not necessarily leads to people changing their behavior. In f...
^^^^^
Line 3, column 493, Rule ID: DID_BASEFORM[1]
Message: The verb 'could' requires the base form of the verb: 'happen'
Suggestion: happen
...y to buy healthy foods. This could also happens in the case of unhealthy foods. Next...
^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 245, Rule ID: BEEN_PART_AGREEMENT[1]
Message: Consider using a past participle here: 'disagreed'.
Suggestion: disagreed
...ctually use the money. The professor is disagree with the assumption. She think fairness...
^^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 279, Rule ID: HE_VERB_AGR[1]
Message: The pronoun 'She' must be used with a third-person verb: 'thinks'.
Suggestion: thinks
...or is disagree with the assumption. She think fairness should not be defined in such ...
^^^^^
Line 7, column 71, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[2]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'governments'' or 'government's'?
Suggestion: governments'; government's
...e states that the money is good for the governments revenue. These money could go into othe...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 92, Rule ID: THIS_NNS[2]
Message: Did you mean 'this money' or 'These moneys', 'These monies'?
Suggestion: This money; These moneys; These monies
...ey is good for the governments revenue. These money could go into other projects that benef...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 279, Rule ID: HE_VERB_AGR[3]
Message: The pronoun 'She' must be used with a third-person verb: 'doubts'.
Suggestion: doubts
... too dependent on this income. She also doubt that governments would attempt to fix s...
^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, also, but, however, if, regarding, so, well, in fact, such as, to begin with
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 9.0 10.4613686534 86% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 10.0 5.04856512141 198% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 7.30242825607 68% => OK
Relative clauses : 8.0 12.0772626932 66% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 25.0 22.412803532 112% => OK
Preposition: 33.0 30.3222958057 109% => OK
Nominalization: 3.0 5.01324503311 60% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1427.0 1373.03311258 104% => OK
No of words: 274.0 270.72406181 101% => OK
Chars per words: 5.20802919708 5.08290768461 102% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.0685311056 4.04702891845 101% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.38322285686 2.5805825403 92% => OK
Unique words: 158.0 145.348785872 109% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.576642335766 0.540411800872 107% => OK
syllable_count: 423.0 419.366225166 101% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 7.0 3.25607064018 215% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 7.0 8.23620309051 85% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 5.0 2.5761589404 194% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 19.0 13.0662251656 145% => OK
Sentence length: 14.0 21.2450331126 66% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 29.7632393316 49.2860985944 60% => OK
Chars per sentence: 75.1052631579 110.228320801 68% => OK
Words per sentence: 14.4210526316 21.698381199 66% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.52631578947 7.06452816374 64% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 9.0 4.19205298013 215% => Less language errors wanted.
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 4.33554083885 138% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 10.0 4.45695364238 224% => Less negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.27373068433 70% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.0397492573366 0.272083759551 15% => The similarity between the topic and the content is low.
Sentence topic coherence: 0.013487404138 0.0996497079465 14% => Sentence topic similarity is low.
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0199084378702 0.0662205650399 30% => Sentences are similar to each other.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0272105492973 0.162205337803 17% => Maybe some paragraphs are off the topic.
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0218267236912 0.0443174109184 49% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 10.3 13.3589403974 77% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 65.73 53.8541721854 122% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 7.6 11.0289183223 69% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.35 12.2367328918 101% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.13 8.42419426049 97% => OK
difficult_words: 66.0 63.6247240618 104% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 7.5 10.7273730684 70% => OK
gunning_fog: 7.6 10.498013245 72% => OK
text_standard: 8.0 11.2008830022 71% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
It is not exactly right on the topic in the view of e-grader. Maybe there is a wrong essay topic.
Rates: 3.33333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 1.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 210, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: However,
... this idea and provided three benefits. However the professor in the lecture stands aga...
^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 232, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: However,
...ilar behavior regarding unhealthy food. However the professor suggests that high tax do...
^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 298, Rule ID: DID_BASEFORM[3]
Message: The verb 'does' requires base form of the verb: 'lead'
Suggestion: lead
...ests that high tax does not necessarily leads to people changing their behavior. In f...
^^^^^
Line 3, column 493, Rule ID: DID_BASEFORM[1]
Message: The verb 'could' requires the base form of the verb: 'happen'
Suggestion: happen
...y to buy healthy foods. This could also happens in the case of unhealthy foods. Next...
^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 245, Rule ID: BEEN_PART_AGREEMENT[1]
Message: Consider using a past participle here: 'disagreed'.
Suggestion: disagreed
...ctually use the money. The professor is disagree with the assumption. She think fairness...
^^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 279, Rule ID: HE_VERB_AGR[1]
Message: The pronoun 'She' must be used with a third-person verb: 'thinks'.
Suggestion: thinks
...or is disagree with the assumption. She think fairness should not be defined in such ...
^^^^^
Line 7, column 71, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[2]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'governments'' or 'government's'?
Suggestion: governments'; government's
...e states that the money is good for the governments revenue. These money could go into othe...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 92, Rule ID: THIS_NNS[2]
Message: Did you mean 'this money' or 'These moneys', 'These monies'?
Suggestion: This money; These moneys; These monies
...ey is good for the governments revenue. These money could go into other projects that benef...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 279, Rule ID: HE_VERB_AGR[3]
Message: The pronoun 'She' must be used with a third-person verb: 'doubts'.
Suggestion: doubts
... too dependent on this income. She also doubt that governments would attempt to fix s...
^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, also, but, however, if, regarding, so, well, in fact, such as, to begin with
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 9.0 10.4613686534 86% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 10.0 5.04856512141 198% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 7.30242825607 68% => OK
Relative clauses : 8.0 12.0772626932 66% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 25.0 22.412803532 112% => OK
Preposition: 33.0 30.3222958057 109% => OK
Nominalization: 3.0 5.01324503311 60% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1427.0 1373.03311258 104% => OK
No of words: 274.0 270.72406181 101% => OK
Chars per words: 5.20802919708 5.08290768461 102% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.0685311056 4.04702891845 101% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.38322285686 2.5805825403 92% => OK
Unique words: 158.0 145.348785872 109% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.576642335766 0.540411800872 107% => OK
syllable_count: 423.0 419.366225166 101% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 7.0 3.25607064018 215% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 7.0 8.23620309051 85% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 5.0 2.5761589404 194% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 19.0 13.0662251656 145% => OK
Sentence length: 14.0 21.2450331126 66% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 29.7632393316 49.2860985944 60% => OK
Chars per sentence: 75.1052631579 110.228320801 68% => OK
Words per sentence: 14.4210526316 21.698381199 66% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.52631578947 7.06452816374 64% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 9.0 4.19205298013 215% => Less language errors wanted.
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 4.33554083885 138% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 10.0 4.45695364238 224% => Less negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.27373068433 70% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.0397492573366 0.272083759551 15% => The similarity between the topic and the content is low.
Sentence topic coherence: 0.013487404138 0.0996497079465 14% => Sentence topic similarity is low.
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0199084378702 0.0662205650399 30% => Sentences are similar to each other.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0272105492973 0.162205337803 17% => Maybe some paragraphs are off the topic.
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0218267236912 0.0443174109184 49% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 10.3 13.3589403974 77% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 65.73 53.8541721854 122% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 7.6 11.0289183223 69% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.35 12.2367328918 101% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.13 8.42419426049 97% => OK
difficult_words: 66.0 63.6247240618 104% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 7.5 10.7273730684 70% => OK
gunning_fog: 7.6 10.498013245 72% => OK
text_standard: 8.0 11.2008830022 71% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
It is not exactly right on the topic in the view of e-grader. Maybe there is a wrong essay topic.
Rates: 3.33333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 1.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.