The article claims that dinosaurs are different from reptiles and are endotherms like humans who maintain their constant body temperature despite changes in environment temperature. The lecturer disagrees with the article and gives three main reasons.
Firstly, the lecturer proposes that dinosaurs were able to live in polar regions because polar regions were comparatively much warmer at that time. He explains that dinosaurs’ fossils were found there because dinosaurs lived in polar regions during warm season but migrated from polar regions or hibernated during cold season. This contradicts the article which states that dinosaur’s fossils were found in polar regions so they were endotherms.
Secondly, the lecturer puts forth the idea that dinosaurs were having legs position below the body so as to support more weight of the body. He further elaborates that this leg position helped dinosaurs to grow into large size animals. Even though other reptiles were having leg positions at the body’s side while dinosaurs were having legs below the body, this does not imply that they were endotherms. This challenges the article’s claim that leg positioning below the body suggests that they were endotherms.
Lastly, the lecturer mentions that although dinosaurs, bones have Haversian canals but these bones have growth rings too. He further explains that these growth rings are formed due to periodic growth which is rapid growth in warm climate followed by slow growth or no growth in cold climate followed by rapid growth and so no. He further suggests that endotherms do not have these growth rings because they grow rapidly even in cold climates. This refutes the argument in the article that dinosaurs were endotherms because they have Haversian canals in their bones.
In conclusion, the lecturer effectively casts doubt on all the claims made in the article.
- TPO-07 - Integrated Writing Task In an effort to encourage ecologically sustainable forestry practices, an international organization started issuing certifications to wood companies that meet high ecological standards by conserving resources and recyclin 73
- television has destroyed communication among friends and family. agree or disagree? 60
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- TOEFL T P O 08 - Integrated Writing Task 3
- TOEFL T P O 10 - Integrated Writing Task 3
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 7, column 100, Rule ID: SO_AS_TO[1]
Message: Use simply 'to'
Suggestion: to
...ere having legs position below the body so as to support more weight of the body. He fur...
^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, first, firstly, if, lastly, second, secondly, so, while, as to, in conclusion
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 15.0 10.4613686534 143% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 0.0 5.04856512141 0% => OK
Conjunction : 7.0 7.30242825607 96% => OK
Relative clauses : 17.0 12.0772626932 141% => OK
Pronoun: 33.0 22.412803532 147% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 32.0 30.3222958057 106% => OK
Nominalization: 4.0 5.01324503311 80% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1617.0 1373.03311258 118% => OK
No of words: 296.0 270.72406181 109% => OK
Chars per words: 5.46283783784 5.08290768461 107% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.14784890444 4.04702891845 102% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.60546138986 2.5805825403 101% => OK
Unique words: 145.0 145.348785872 100% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.489864864865 0.540411800872 91% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 487.8 419.366225166 116% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 8.0 3.25607064018 246% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 6.0 8.23620309051 73% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 14.0 13.0662251656 107% => OK
Sentence length: 21.0 21.2450331126 99% => OK
Sentence length SD: 37.983414748 49.2860985944 77% => OK
Chars per sentence: 115.5 110.228320801 105% => OK
Words per sentence: 21.1428571429 21.698381199 97% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.85714285714 7.06452816374 83% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.09492273731 122% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 8.0 4.33554083885 185% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 4.45695364238 90% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 2.0 4.27373068433 47% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.411619503667 0.272083759551 151% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.158662939772 0.0996497079465 159% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0863205980652 0.0662205650399 130% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.190320235395 0.162205337803 117% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.103781236601 0.0443174109184 234% => More connections among paragraphs wanted.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.9 13.3589403974 112% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 50.16 53.8541721854 93% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.5 11.0289183223 104% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 14.39 12.2367328918 118% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.31 8.42419426049 99% => OK
difficult_words: 68.0 63.6247240618 107% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.5 10.7273730684 107% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.4 10.498013245 99% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.2008830022 107% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 60.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 18.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.