Both the reading and the lecture discuss the settlements of Chaco Canyon, which are massive buildings containing hundreds of rooms and is located in New Mexico. However, archaeologist have failed to determine what purpose the buildings fulfilled. The passage mentions three theories for the function of the settlements, but the lecturer cast doubt on every single one of them, he thinks that these theories oversee crucial evidence.
First, the passage points out that Chaco buildings resemble later residential housing in the Taos region, so they should have been used for the same purpose. The lecturer challenges this argument. He argues that while Chaco structures look like residential complexes from the outside, from the inside it is evident that this could not be the case. There were not enough fireplaces for the assumed families to cook their meals in, so it is not plausible that this was its function.
Second, The author says that Chaco structures fit to be used as food supplies, so it is possible that Chaco people used them to store their main crop, grain maize, which was very enduring. The lecturer rebuts this argument, he stands that there is not enough evidence to support this theory. He mentions that abundant traces of maize should have been found on the buildings if this were to be the case.
Finally, The text suggests that the buildings could have been used for ceremonies. The article bases this from evidence of archaeologist finding large deposits of old material including broken pots. The professor in the lecturer casts doubt on this claim. He asserts that the broken pots are from construction workers, that ate their meals on them and then discarded them.
- TPO-34 - Integrated Writing Task A huge marine mammal known as Steller’s sea cow once lived in the waters around Bering Island off the coast of Siberia. It was described in 1741 by Georg W. Steller, a naturalist who was among the first Europeans to see 71
- TPO-13 - Integrated Writing Task Private collectors have been selling and buying fossils, the petrified remains of ancient organisms, ever since the eighteenth century. In recent years, however, the sale of fossils, particularly of dinosaurs and other lar 80
- Some people think governments should spend as much money as possible exploring outer space (for example, traveling to the Moon and to other planets). Other people disagree and think governments should spend this money for our basic needs on Earth. Which o 70
- TPO-30 - Integrated Writing Task A little over 2,200 years ago, the Roman navy attacked the Greek port city of Syracuse. According to some ancient historians, the Greeks defended themselves with an ingenious weapon called a "burning mirror": a polished co 73
- TPO-32 - Integrated Writing Task Starting in the 1960s and continuing until the 1980s, sailors in Russian submarines patrolling the North Alantic and Arctic Ocean would occasionally hear strange sounds. These underwater noises reminded the submarine crews 65
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, finally, first, however, if, look, second, so, then, while
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 17.0 10.4613686534 163% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 4.0 5.04856512141 79% => OK
Conjunction : 4.0 7.30242825607 55% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 14.0 12.0772626932 116% => OK
Pronoun: 38.0 22.412803532 170% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 29.0 30.3222958057 96% => OK
Nominalization: 8.0 5.01324503311 160% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1424.0 1373.03311258 104% => OK
No of words: 280.0 270.72406181 103% => OK
Chars per words: 5.08571428571 5.08290768461 100% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.09062348924 4.04702891845 101% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.49259106234 2.5805825403 97% => OK
Unique words: 155.0 145.348785872 107% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.553571428571 0.540411800872 102% => OK
syllable_count: 420.3 419.366225166 100% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 6.0 3.25607064018 184% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 14.0 13.0662251656 107% => OK
Sentence length: 20.0 21.2450331126 94% => OK
Sentence length SD: 43.7646768385 49.2860985944 89% => OK
Chars per sentence: 101.714285714 110.228320801 92% => OK
Words per sentence: 20.0 21.698381199 92% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.5 7.06452816374 64% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 1.0 4.33554083885 23% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 8.0 4.45695364238 179% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.27373068433 117% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.376064151365 0.272083759551 138% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.118168097153 0.0996497079465 119% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0659778401488 0.0662205650399 100% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.227490728455 0.162205337803 140% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0281406680176 0.0443174109184 63% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.5 13.3589403974 94% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 59.64 53.8541721854 111% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.9 11.0289183223 90% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.24 12.2367328918 100% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.46 8.42419426049 100% => OK
difficult_words: 68.0 63.6247240618 107% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 10.5 10.7273730684 98% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.0 10.498013245 95% => OK
text_standard: 10.0 11.2008830022 89% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 76.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 23.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.