TPO 25 - In 1938 an archaeologist in Iraq acquired a set of clay jars that had been excavated two years earlier by villagers constructing a railroad line. The vessel was about 2,200 years old. Each clay jar contained a copper cylinder surrounding an iron rod. The archaeologist proposed that vessel were ancient electric batteries and even demonstrated that they can produce a small electric current when filled with some liquids. However, it is not likely that the vessels were actually used as electric batteries in ancient times.
The lecturer and the reading are both about the possible presence of ancient electric batteries when an archaeologist acquired a 2200-year-old jar containing a copper cylinder surrounding an iron rod. The author of the reading provides three reasons to negate this hypothesis. The lecturer argues those statements as she believes they are not convincing.
First of all, It is established in the passage that no evidence of conducting materials like metal wires have been found. The article also notes that those conducting materials are required to make batteries functional. This idea is challenged by the lecturer. Her position is that the local people excavating the jar are not trained archaeologists. Therefore, the conducting wires might be at the site but were overlooked or thrown away by them.
Secondly, the writer contends that the found copper cylinders are similar to those discovered in Seleucia. As a result, they might be used for holding scrolls of sacred texts rather than as batteries. In contrast, the lecturer disproves this by saying that those copper cylinders were originally made for ritual activities but then adapted to work as electric batteries when ancient people discovered the production of electricity.
Thirdly, the reading suggests that electric batteries were completely useless at that time as ancient people had nothing to do with them. The lecturer, on the other hand, rebuts this assertion. She puts forth the idea that electric batteries could be used as a form of invisible power to convince people. She also notes that they could also be deployed for healing purposes as the mild electric current can stimulate muscles to cure some diseases.
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| 2023-03-14 | kevin1105 | 80 | view |
| 2022-12-27 | nikki07hung | 3 | view |
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- TPO 29 - Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?To improve the quality of education, universities should spend money on salaries university professors.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 76
- TPO 22 - Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?Teachers should not make their social or political views known to students in the classroom.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 76
- TPO 26 - The zebra mussel, a freshwater shellfish native to Eastern Europe, has long been spreading out from its original habitats and has now reached parts of North America. There are reasons to believe that this invasion cannot be stopped and that it po 76
- road safety 67
- TPO 41 - Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Teachers were more appreciated and valued by society in the past than they are nowadays. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 76
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 284, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
...ry by providing three negating reasons. The lecturer challenges those three ideas a...
^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, however, look, second, secondly, so, then, therefore, third, thirdly, in contrast, as a result, first of all, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 13.0 10.4613686534 124% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 5.0 5.04856512141 99% => OK
Conjunction : 4.0 7.30242825607 55% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 10.0 12.0772626932 83% => OK
Pronoun: 24.0 22.412803532 107% => OK
Preposition: 25.0 30.3222958057 82% => OK
Nominalization: 4.0 5.01324503311 80% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1379.0 1373.03311258 100% => OK
No of words: 258.0 270.72406181 95% => OK
Chars per words: 5.34496124031 5.08290768461 105% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.00778971557 4.04702891845 99% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.76468550985 2.5805825403 107% => OK
Unique words: 155.0 145.348785872 107% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.600775193798 0.540411800872 111% => OK
syllable_count: 423.9 419.366225166 101% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 6.0 3.25607064018 184% => OK
Article: 9.0 8.23620309051 109% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 15.0 13.0662251656 115% => OK
Sentence length: 17.0 21.2450331126 80% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 44.5490990057 49.2860985944 90% => OK
Chars per sentence: 91.9333333333 110.228320801 83% => OK
Words per sentence: 17.2 21.698381199 79% => OK
Discourse Markers: 9.66666666667 7.06452816374 137% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 4.45695364238 112% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.27373068433 140% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.384858489759 0.272083759551 141% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.10163813846 0.0996497079465 102% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0786277735025 0.0662205650399 119% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.212691101878 0.162205337803 131% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0387073004338 0.0443174109184 87% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.3 13.3589403974 92% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 54.22 53.8541721854 101% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.9 11.0289183223 90% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.4 12.2367328918 110% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.95 8.42419426049 106% => OK
difficult_words: 73.0 63.6247240618 115% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.0 10.7273730684 75% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.8 10.498013245 84% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 88.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 26.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.