The reading and the lecture are both about the clay jars which discovered by constructors near Iraq and were considered as ancient electric batteries. The author of the reading believes that these jars are not likely used as batteries and he provides three reasons for support. However, the lecturer casts doubt on the claims made in the article. She thinks that these jars are most likely used as batteries in the ancient ages.
First of all, the author points out that there is no evidence of metal wires were located near the vessels. It is mentioned that If these were used as batteries, some electric conductors such as metal wires should be attached to the vessels. But there was nothing. This point is challenged by the lecturer. She says that absence of the wires is not an evidence. Further, she argues that these vessels were discovered by local people, not archeologists. This means that there may be wires nearby, but the local people may did not pay any attention to them as important materials.
Second, the author contends that these vessels are most probably used as scroll holders. The article notes that these vessels have copper cylinders inside them similar to those discovered in a nearby site were used as scrolls holders. The explanation for the absence of the scrolls is that they may be disintegrated over the centuries. The lecturer rebuts this argument. She suggests that the vessels may be the first discovered ancient batteries. She elaborates on this by mentioning that these vessels may be first used for scroll holding but the people may be discovered that they can be used as batteries just by adding wires and liquid. It may be used for one purpose but then discovered to be used for another purpose.
Finally, the author states that ancient people have no device depends on electricity. The article establishes that if the vessels were used as batteries, so for what it was used. There was no machine to be used for and it is really useless to them. The lecturer, on the other hand, posits that it may be used as a magic or for medical purpose. she put forth the idea that these batteries may be used to produce tangling effect which may be considered as magic or invisible power. It also may be used as muscle stimulant or in the healing process by physicians.
In conclusion, the all the claims made in the reading about the discovered ancient vessels are rejected by counter-arguments provided in the listening by the professor which states that they are most likely were ancient batteries.
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 337, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
...ay be disintegrated over the centuries. The lecturer rebuts this argument. She sugg...
^^^
Line 4, column 10, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... be used for another purpose. Finally, the author states that ancient people ha...
^^
Line 4, column 346, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: She
...used as a magic or for medical purpose. she put forth the idea that these batteries...
^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, finally, first, however, if, may, really, second, so, then, in conclusion, such as, first of all, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 36.0 10.4613686534 344% => Less to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 13.0 5.04856512141 257% => Less auxiliary verb wanted.
Conjunction : 12.0 7.30242825607 164% => OK
Relative clauses : 21.0 12.0772626932 174% => OK
Pronoun: 50.0 22.412803532 223% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 38.0 30.3222958057 125% => OK
Nominalization: 7.0 5.01324503311 140% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2097.0 1373.03311258 153% => OK
No of words: 436.0 270.72406181 161% => Less content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.80963302752 5.08290768461 95% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.56953094068 4.04702891845 113% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.57902926084 2.5805825403 100% => OK
Unique words: 178.0 145.348785872 122% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.408256880734 0.540411800872 76% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 666.0 419.366225166 159% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 11.0 3.25607064018 338% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 12.0 8.23620309051 146% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 2.0 1.51434878587 132% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 25.0 13.0662251656 191% => OK
Sentence length: 17.0 21.2450331126 80% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 46.4589969758 49.2860985944 94% => OK
Chars per sentence: 83.88 110.228320801 76% => OK
Words per sentence: 17.44 21.698381199 80% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.04 7.06452816374 71% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.09492273731 122% => OK
Language errors: 3.0 4.19205298013 72% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 4.33554083885 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 8.0 4.45695364238 179% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 14.0 4.27373068433 328% => Less facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.392988443237 0.272083759551 144% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.119655305396 0.0996497079465 120% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0806522707637 0.0662205650399 122% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.230676868638 0.162205337803 142% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0411399171403 0.0443174109184 93% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 9.9 13.3589403974 74% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 62.68 53.8541721854 116% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 8.7 11.0289183223 79% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.32 12.2367328918 84% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.56 8.42419426049 90% => OK
difficult_words: 85.0 63.6247240618 134% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 7.5 10.7273730684 70% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.8 10.498013245 84% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.