TPO-54 Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they respond to the specific concerns presented in the reading passage.
The Salton Sea in California is actually a salty inland lake. The level of salt in the lake's water—what scientists call its salinity—has been increasing steadily for years because the lake's water is evaporating faster than it is being replaced by rainfall or rivers. If the trend continues, the lake's water will soon become so salty that the lake will be unable to support fish and bird populations. The lake would then become essentially a dead zone. Fortunately, there are several ways to reverse the trend that is threatening the lake's health.
One option is direct removal of salt from the lake's water in special desalination facilities. Water from the lake would be pumped into the facilities and heated. This would cause the water to evaporate into steam, while salt and other materials dissolved in the water would be left behind. The steam would then be cooled down and returned to the lake as salt-free water. Gradually, the high salt levels would be reduced and the lake’s overall health would be restored.
Another possible solution is to dilute the salt level in the lake with water from the ocean. Since water in the Pacific Ocean is 20 percent less salty than water in the lake, bringing ocean water into the lake would decrease the lake’s salinity. The ocean water could be delivered through pipelines or canals.
Yet another solution would be to control the lake's salinity by constructing walls to divide the lake into several sections. In the smaller sections, salinity would be allowed to increase. However, in the main and largest section, salinity would be reduced and controlled by, among other things, directing all the freshwater from small rivers in the area to flow into that main section of the lake.
The lecture and the reading are about salinity of Salton sea. The reading states different measures to reduce the salinity of the lake. However, the lecturer casts doubt on what is presented in the text and refutes all the methods given in the reading. She does not feel that these methods are as beneficial as the author assumes.
First of all, the lecture argues that desalination facilities may reduce the salinity of the lake, but when the water will evaporate, it will leave behind some solid materials. These solid materials when mix up with other types of chemicals like Salanium will make the air toxic. Therefore, when people breath them in it can cause severe health risky to them.
Secondly, with regard to the third method, dilution of lave with ocean water, the lecturer explains that this method would require construction of pipe lines or canals to bring the water. The ocean water would be around hundred kilometers away from the lake, hence the construction cost will be very high, and the government can not spend such humungous amount of money on the project. The reading passage gives the opposite view. Ocean water which is only 20 percent salty, when mix up with saline water will reduce the lake salinity.
Finally, the lecturer objects to the third measure - construction of walls to divide lake into various sections. She points out that this method is unlikely to sustain very long. Sometimes intense activities like earthquake may occur in the areas, which can break the walls and ultimately the high salinity water will mix back in with low salinity water in the main section. This is in direct contradiction with the claim in the reading passage that this measure can reduce and control the amount of salt in the lake.
- TPO-07 - Integrated Writing Task 61
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Comments
Essay evaluation report
These solid materials when mix up with other types
These solid materials when mixed up with other types
These solid materials when mixing up with other types
with regard to the third method,
with regard to the second method,
which can break the walls and ultimately the high salinity water will mix back
which can break the walls, and ultimately the high salinity water will mix back
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no serious flaws found.
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Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 26 in 30
Category: Very Good Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 3 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 15 12
No. of Words: 298 250
No. of Characters: 1417 1200
No. of Different Words: 154 150
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.155 4.2
Average Word Length: 4.755 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.27 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 90 80
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 65 60
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 38 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 21 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 19.867 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 8.437 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.467 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.345 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.547 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.103 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 4 4
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 16, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
The lecture and the reading are about salinity of Salton...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, finally, first, hence, however, if, may, second, secondly, so, therefore, third, first of all, with regard to
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 8.0 10.4613686534 76% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 14.0 5.04856512141 277% => Less auxiliary verb wanted.
Conjunction : 7.0 7.30242825607 96% => OK
Relative clauses : 11.0 12.0772626932 91% => OK
Pronoun: 17.0 22.412803532 76% => OK
Preposition: 45.0 30.3222958057 148% => OK
Nominalization: 8.0 5.01324503311 160% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1458.0 1373.03311258 106% => OK
No of words: 298.0 270.72406181 110% => OK
Chars per words: 4.89261744966 5.08290768461 96% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.15483772266 4.04702891845 103% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.33697192784 2.5805825403 91% => OK
Unique words: 162.0 145.348785872 111% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.543624161074 0.540411800872 101% => OK
syllable_count: 457.2 419.366225166 109% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 3.25607064018 154% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 2.0 1.51434878587 132% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 15.0 13.0662251656 115% => OK
Sentence length: 19.0 21.2450331126 89% => OK
Sentence length SD: 50.2723250573 49.2860985944 102% => OK
Chars per sentence: 97.2 110.228320801 88% => OK
Words per sentence: 19.8666666667 21.698381199 92% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.6 7.06452816374 108% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 4.33554083885 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 4.45695364238 90% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 8.0 4.27373068433 187% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.149091714617 0.272083759551 55% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0563006640773 0.0996497079465 56% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0391991946085 0.0662205650399 59% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0955750694886 0.162205337803 59% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0368261857567 0.0443174109184 83% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.5 13.3589403974 86% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 60.65 53.8541721854 113% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.5 11.0289183223 86% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.08 12.2367328918 91% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.13 8.42419426049 97% => OK
difficult_words: 67.0 63.6247240618 105% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.5 10.7273730684 79% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.6 10.498013245 91% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 85.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 25.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.