Underwater, whales produce loud noises: known as songs. Scientists use whale songs to study the movements for migrations, of groups of whales. Recently, scientists discovered something unusual: a single, solitary whale whose song is unlike that of all other known whales. The most notable difference between this unusual whale's song and those of other whales is its high pitch or frequency This unique whale is called the 52-hertz whale because it sings at the unusual frequency of 52 hertz, a much higher pitch than normal. When the 52-hertz whale was first detected, the cause of its uniquely high-pitched song was unknown; however, scientists now have several theories to explain it.
One theory holds that the 52-hertz whale may be a hybrid: the offspring of two different whale species Whales of different species are known to interbreed and produce hybrid offspring that combine characteristics from each of their parents' species. As a hybrid, the whale may have a unique song, different from that of either of its parents because it resulted from a combi nation of the two
A second theory is that the 52-hertz whale may have a damaged sense of hearing Just as people learn to speak by copying the sounds they hear, whales may learn to sing by listening to the sounds of other whales* songs. When people are born deaf, their speech may sound different from that of people born hearing. Similarly, the 52-hertz whale’s songs may sound different simply because it cannot hear the songs of other whales.
A third theory holds that the 52-hertz whale may be the only known member of a rare species Perhaps there were once many more whales of this species, but most are now gone. It seems to be entirely unique only because most of its species has died out.
Whales use noises as a means of communication, these loud noises are called songs. Scientists have discovered one whale that different from other whales makes noises at a higher frequency, this whale is called 52-hertz whale. In the passage three theories have been discussed as the reason for this phenomenon. The lecturer discusses the flaws of the theories refuting them, pointing out that the reason for the higher frequency remains a mystery to this day.
First, the article points towards the heritage of the whale, saying that this particular whale is a hybrid of two different species of whales. The lecturer opposes this theory by pointing out the fact that the hybrid whales migrate alongside other whales but the 52-hertz whale migrates alone.
Second, the passage says that the 52-hertz whale might possess damaged hearing, or may be deaf. The lecturer argues against this theory by pointing out that the high pitch generated when making a sound is due to the structure of the throat being different and unusual from other whales which is completely unrelated to hearing.
Third, the article points that the whale may be of rare species which is why there are no other whales making the same song. The lecturer goes against this, saying that even if the whale is of rare species it must have had parents and if the parents were around, in recent times their song must have been heard, but no songs of such frequency were ever heard by scientists.
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Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, first, if, may, second, so, third
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 15.0 10.4613686534 143% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 5.0 5.04856512141 99% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 7.30242825607 68% => OK
Relative clauses : 11.0 12.0772626932 91% => OK
Pronoun: 19.0 22.412803532 85% => OK
Preposition: 27.0 30.3222958057 89% => OK
Nominalization: 1.0 5.01324503311 20% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1214.0 1373.03311258 88% => OK
No of words: 248.0 270.72406181 92% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.89516129032 5.08290768461 96% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.96837696647 4.04702891845 98% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.31742258783 2.5805825403 90% => OK
Unique words: 128.0 145.348785872 88% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.516129032258 0.540411800872 96% => OK
syllable_count: 362.7 419.366225166 86% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 2.0 3.25607064018 61% => OK
Article: 7.0 8.23620309051 85% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 2.0 1.51434878587 132% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 10.0 13.0662251656 77% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 24.0 21.2450331126 113% => OK
Sentence length SD: 53.5596863322 49.2860985944 109% => OK
Chars per sentence: 121.4 110.228320801 110% => OK
Words per sentence: 24.8 21.698381199 114% => OK
Discourse Markers: 3.8 7.06452816374 54% => More transition words/phrases wanted.
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 0.0 4.33554083885 0% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 4.45695364238 112% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.27373068433 117% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.348985629981 0.272083759551 128% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.157969957168 0.0996497079465 159% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.103138614759 0.0662205650399 156% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.219600978556 0.162205337803 135% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0613859929776 0.0443174109184 139% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.0 13.3589403974 105% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 55.58 53.8541721854 103% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.5 11.0289183223 104% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.44 12.2367328918 93% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.07 8.42419426049 96% => OK
difficult_words: 51.0 63.6247240618 80% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 10.7273730684 103% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.6 10.498013245 110% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.2008830022 107% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 76.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 23.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.