Little Ice Age - the period between 1350 till 1900 C.E., when much of the surface of the Earth was susceptible to harsh winter conditions
This material addresses the question of the possible causes of the so-called Little Ice Age - the period between 1350 till 1900 C.E., when much of the surface of the Earth was susceptible to harsh winter conditions. The reading passage presents some reasons that caused those consequences. The lecturer, on the other hand, refutes this information by stating that the new information available at present rejects the arguments listed in the article.
To begin with, the reading passage highlights that the cold weather was the result of pouring cold water into the Gulf Stream, which in turn impacts the world's climate. Meanwhile, the professor casts doubt on this and argues that the disruption of the Gulf Stream might not affect the southern part of the Earth, and, consequently, it could not have caused the the weather change.
Additionally, the article posits that the volcanic dust might have been the reason for blocking sunlight and cooling. However, the professor advocates a different approach and provides the following details. Namely, he mentions that in order to have serious impact on sunlight and weather there should be much more dust than it was in the case; if the dust was enough, it would have been noticed by people, which was not the case.
Finally, the author invites attention to the fact that there was a significant decrease in the number of population at the material time, and that could have increased the number of trees, and as a result their cooling effect became stronger. This goes counter to the information in the listening passage, according to which, the reduction effect was not long enough and the growing population had to cut the trees to feed itself.
- Birds' population will decrease as a result of growth of human population 80
- TPO 8 - Integrated task 3
- Little Ice Age - the period between 1350 till 1900 C.E., when much of the surface of the Earth was susceptible to harsh winter conditions 80
- TOEFL T P O 27 - Integrated Writing Task 3
- Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Teachers should not make their social or political views known to students in the classroom.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 83
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 2, column 154, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[2]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'worlds'' or 'world's'?
Suggestion: worlds'; world's
... Gulf Stream, which in turn impacts the worlds climate. Meanwhile, the professor casts...
^^^^^^
Line 2, column 357, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a word
Suggestion: the
... consequently, it could not have caused the the weather change. Additionally, the arti...
^^^^^^^
Line 2, column 357, Rule ID: DT_DT[1]
Message: Maybe you need to remove one determiner so that only 'the' or 'the' is left.
Suggestion: the; the
... consequently, it could not have caused the the weather change. Additionally, the arti...
^^^^^^^
Line 4, column 432, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...on had to cut the trees to feed itself.
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
consequently, finally, however, if, so, while, as a result, to begin with, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 10.0 10.4613686534 96% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 6.0 5.04856512141 119% => OK
Conjunction : 7.0 7.30242825607 96% => OK
Relative clauses : 12.0 12.0772626932 99% => OK
Pronoun: 19.0 22.412803532 85% => OK
Preposition: 34.0 30.3222958057 112% => OK
Nominalization: 9.0 5.01324503311 180% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1416.0 1373.03311258 103% => OK
No of words: 282.0 270.72406181 104% => OK
Chars per words: 5.02127659574 5.08290768461 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.09790868904 4.04702891845 101% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.53938006178 2.5805825403 98% => OK
Unique words: 161.0 145.348785872 111% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.570921985816 0.540411800872 106% => OK
syllable_count: 414.9 419.366225166 99% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 3.25607064018 154% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 2.0 1.51434878587 132% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 10.0 13.0662251656 77% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 28.0 21.2450331126 132% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 55.4599855752 49.2860985944 113% => OK
Chars per sentence: 141.6 110.228320801 128% => OK
Words per sentence: 28.2 21.698381199 130% => OK
Discourse Markers: 9.2 7.06452816374 130% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 4.0 4.19205298013 95% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 1.0 4.33554083885 23% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 4.45695364238 135% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.27373068433 70% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.233145115701 0.272083759551 86% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.08420610376 0.0996497079465 85% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.189975936467 0.0662205650399 287% => The coherence between sentences is low.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.129071499221 0.162205337803 80% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.147087443957 0.0443174109184 332% => More connections among paragraphs wanted.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 16.3 13.3589403974 122% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 51.52 53.8541721854 96% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 13.0 11.0289183223 118% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.13 12.2367328918 99% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.72 8.42419426049 104% => OK
difficult_words: 66.0 63.6247240618 104% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 14.0 10.7273730684 131% => OK
gunning_fog: 13.2 10.498013245 126% => OK
text_standard: 13.0 11.2008830022 116% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.