Salmon, a fish prized for both food and sport, has a complex life cycle. After spending several years in the ocean, adult salmon travel back to the freshwater streams where they were originally spawned, to lay their eggs. the females bury the eggs under the sand at the bottom of the streams. when the fish are large enough, two years after hatching, the young salmon, called smolts, drift into rivers from smaller streams. the smolts use the strong flow from the melting snows to get to the pacific ocean, where they travel until they return to start the cycle again.
the damming of river systems in the northwestern region of the united states has had devastating effects on salmon. not only are dams an obstacle for salmon navigating upstream, but they are also an impediment for the smolts travelling to the sea. the current itself has become very slow, not just because of the construction of numerous dams but also because companies intentionally operate dams to slow the current. they store the water from the melting snow until the winter, when more electric power is needed. as fewer smolts reach the oceans and fewer adults return, salmon fail to produce a sufficiently numerous new generation. this could eventually lead to the extinction of the fish.
attempts are being made to get the young salmon downriver more quickly. one such attempt has consisted of transporting the smolts by barge. another suggestion, proposed by environmentalists, is to increase the rate of water flow. also under consideration is the reduction of the water level in the reservoirs for a period in the spring when the smolts are migrating downstream. this would also increase the flow rate temporarily, without requiring massive amounts of water, and thus enable the young salmon to move downstream faster.
The reading and the lecture both discusses about the importance of current for the salmons. The author of the reading feels that the devastating effects of the development can be restored by taking some measures. The lecturer challenges the claims made by the author.He is of the opinion that the measures are harmful and partial solution for the salmons.
To begin with, the author argues that the damming of the river has severely affected the salmons. The article mentions that by building dams stream of the river of the river had slowed down making difficult for the smolts and adult salmons to travel. The lecturer further elaborates on the claim made by the lecturer. he claims that before building dams salmons took 6-20 days to travel and now it has been increased to 60 days. Additionally, he says this slowdown had made less smolts to reach oceans and obviously, then few adults will come back for breeding.
Secondly, the writer mentions if such condition persists there could be a complete eradication of the salmons. The lecturer elaborates more on this topic. He provides that the speed of the stream of the river is really important for the survival of the salmons as their body while travelling goes through various physiological changes to adapt to the salt water. Since, now the salmons are taking a prolonged time to reach their destination their body is adapted to salt water while they being still in fresh water.
Finally, the author posits that various artificial measures can help restoring their population like barge can be used to increase the water stream, which will make them travel at a faster rate. Moreover, in the article it is stated that by decreasing the water level during salmons breeding period can make the water current increase and will help in restoring their population. In contrast the lecturer position is that above mentioned methods are not successful. He notes that barge has actually involved in killing salmons rather than improving the situation and increasing the water stream in spring is a partial solution. In addition, such methods have faced criticism from the electricity producing companies.
- Technology is available to exploit the potential energy formed by tides for the generation of electrical energy The basic structure is a barrage or dam built across a river estuary or at the mouth of a bay This dam is similar to that used in hydroelectric 73
- Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?Movies and television have more negative effects than positive effects on the way young people behave. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 70
- people have a lot of opinions about the value of higher education. which do you think is the most important reason to attend college or university?1.new experience 2.career preparation 3.increased knowledge 70
- Do you agree or disagree with the following statement Sometimes it is better to be dishonest Use specific reasons and details to support your answer 52
- Children are happier than adults 55
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 214, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
...an be restored by taking some measures. The lecturer challenges the claims made by ...
^^^
Line 1, column 268, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: He
...hallenges the claims made by the author.He is of the opinion that the measures are...
^^
Line 5, column 319, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: He
...ates on the claim made by the lecturer. he claims that before building dams salmon...
^^
Line 5, column 475, Rule ID: FEWER_LESS[2]
Message: Did you mean 'fewer'? The noun smolts is countable.
Suggestion: fewer
...ionally, he says this slowdown had made less smolts to reach oceans and obviously, t...
^^^^
Line 13, column 70, Rule ID: ADVISE_VBG[5]
Message: The verb 'help' is used with infinitive: 'to restore' or 'restore'.
Suggestion: to restore; restore
...at various artificial measures can help restoring their population like barge can be used...
^^^^^^^^^
Line 13, column 384, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[2]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: contrast,
... help in restoring their population. In contrast the lecturer position is that above men...
^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, finally, if, moreover, really, second, secondly, so, still, then, while, in addition, in contrast, to begin with
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 14.0 10.4613686534 134% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 8.0 5.04856512141 158% => OK
Conjunction : 7.0 7.30242825607 96% => OK
Relative clauses : 11.0 12.0772626932 91% => OK
Pronoun: 26.0 22.412803532 116% => OK
Preposition: 45.0 30.3222958057 148% => OK
Nominalization: 12.0 5.01324503311 239% => Less nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1815.0 1373.03311258 132% => OK
No of words: 357.0 270.72406181 132% => OK
Chars per words: 5.08403361345 5.08290768461 100% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.34677393335 4.04702891845 107% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.54526148918 2.5805825403 99% => OK
Unique words: 185.0 145.348785872 127% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.518207282913 0.540411800872 96% => OK
syllable_count: 545.4 419.366225166 130% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 3.25607064018 154% => OK
Article: 9.0 8.23620309051 109% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 4.0 2.5761589404 155% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 17.0 13.0662251656 130% => OK
Sentence length: 21.0 21.2450331126 99% => OK
Sentence length SD: 44.485447253 49.2860985944 90% => OK
Chars per sentence: 106.764705882 110.228320801 97% => OK
Words per sentence: 21.0 21.698381199 97% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.17647058824 7.06452816374 102% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 6.0 4.19205298013 143% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 7.0 4.33554083885 161% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 7.0 4.45695364238 157% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.27373068433 70% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.156764831383 0.272083759551 58% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0470569143134 0.0996497079465 47% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0437787458651 0.0662205650399 66% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0927208708586 0.162205337803 57% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0376926866033 0.0443174109184 85% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.0 13.3589403974 97% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 58.62 53.8541721854 109% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.3 11.0289183223 93% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.18 12.2367328918 100% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.57 8.42419426049 102% => OK
difficult_words: 88.0 63.6247240618 138% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 10.5 10.7273730684 98% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.4 10.498013245 99% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.2008830022 98% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.