Human right for women in Australia

The human rights of women have become an important issue in several decades. Human rights of women activities have been becoming popular not only in Australia but also in other countries, or the whole world. The question of how this right was established, how it is being applied and the effect on feminist lives remains controversial.
This essay provides the definition of what is human rights as stated by the UN. The later part of this essay attempts to explain the role of governments, including the Australian government in meeting the international policy on the human rights of women.

What Are Human Rights?
According to the United Nations, Human rights are rights inherent to all human beings, regardless of race, sex, nationality, ethnicity, language, religion, or any other status. Human rights include the right to life and liberty, freedom from slavery and torture, freedom of opinion and expression, the right to work and education, and many more. Everyone is entitled to these rights, without discrimination.

The obligations of governments to promote and protect the human rights and freedoms of women:
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. Therefore, both women and men are entitled to the above right. Government plays the main role in the following points:
Government must guarantee equality and non-discrimination of opportunity and treatment against women in employment, in education, and in other sectors.
After taking part in international organizations, the Government must follow international law to respect, protect and fulfill the human rights of women. It means that the Government must take positive action to facilitate the enjoyment of the basic human rights of women.
Besides, the government must establish legal protection of the rights of women on an equal basis with men, adopt appropriate legislative and other measures, including sanctions where appropriate, prohibit all discrimination against women, and take all appropriate measures to eliminate discrimination against women by any person, organization or enterprise.
Finally, the government must refrain from engaging in any act or practice of discrimination against women and ensure that public authorities and institutions shall act in conformity with this obligation and repeal all national penal provisions which constitute discrimination against women

The ways in which the Australian government(s) have not and/or do not meet specific obligations under specific conventions/articles to promote and protect the human rights and freedoms of women.
https://humanrights.gov.au/our-work/education/womens-rights
In the past, the Australian government did not guarantee equality between men and women. Australian women have been excluded from large parts of public and political life in Australian society. For instance, The enactment of the Commonwealth Franchise Act in 1902 allowed women to both vote and stand for election, but it wasn't until 1943 that the first woman was elected to the Australian Parliament. Edith Cowan (1861–1932) became a member of the Legislative Assembly of Western Australia and the first female member of any Australian parliament.
Discrimination was eliminated since the previous century, however, other discrimination still exists in the 21st century, such as the difference in salary while doing the same job between women and men. The reason for this gender pay gap may include working stereotypes about the jobs regarded as “women jobs” such as clerk, waitress, etc.. and “men jobs” such as banker, investor, etc. Discrimination in the working environment, the role in family responsibility, education opportunities also play significant roles in this gender discrimination.
Finally, violence against women is becoming more and more prevalent in not only Australia but also all over the world. According to a report conducted in 2012 by the Australian Bureau of Statistics, around 74% of women who had experienced violence in the last 12 months, and 87% of women who had experienced violence since the age of 15, reported that the perpetrator was someone they know. This compares to 45% of men who had experienced violence in the past 12 months, and 54% of men who had experienced violence since the age of 15.

The ways in which Australian government(s) do meet their obligations under specific conventions/articles to promote and protect the human rights and freedoms of women.
The Sex Discrimination Act 1984 (SDA): Official law of Australia to reduce/eliminate discriminate against a person because of their sex, gender identity, intersex status, sexual orientation, marital or relationship status, family responsibilities, because they are pregnant or might become pregnant or because they are breastfeeding.

In addition, the SDA makes sexual harassment against the law.

The SDA protects people across Australia from discrimination in a number of areas in public life, including employment, education, getting or using services, or renting or buying a house or unit.
Examples of sex discrimination could include:

not hiring a woman because the employer thinks she won’t fit into a ‘traditionally’ male workplace
not paying a woman the same salary as a man for doing the same work, or not providing the same opportunities for training, mentoring or promotion
allocating work tasks based on a person’s sex.