The sea otter is a small mammal that lives in waters along the western coast of
North America from California to Alaska. When some sea otter populations off the
Alaskan coast started rapidly declining a few years ago, it caused much concern
because sea otters play an important ecological role in the coastal ecosystem.
Experts started investigating the cause of the decline and quickly realized that
there were two possible explanations: environmental pollution or attacks by predators.
Initially, the pollution hypothesis seemed the more likely of the two.
The first reason why pollution seemed the more likely cause was that there
were known sources of it along the Alaskan coast, such as oil rigs and other
sources of industrial chemical pollution. Water samples from the area revealed
increased levels of chemicals that could decrease the otters' resistance to lifethreatening
infections and thus could Indirectly cause their deaths.
Second, other sea mammals such as seals and sea lions along the Alaskan
coast were also declining, indicating that whatever had endangered the otters was
affecting other sea mammals as well. This fact again pointed to environmental pollution,
since it usually affects the entire ecosystem rather than a single species.
Only widely occurring predators, such as the orca (a large predatory whale), could
have the same effect, but orcas prefer to hunt much larger prey, such as other
whales.
Third, scientists believed that the pollution hypothesis could also explain the
uneven pattern of otter decline: at some Alaskan locations the otter populations
declined greatly, while at others they remained stable. Some experts explained
these observations by suggesting that ocean currents or other environmental factors
may have created uneven concentrations of pollutants along the coast.
The passage mainly discusses possible reasons for the declining population of sea otters on the western coast of North America. In which they concluded that pollution is the main reason for reducing numbers on other hand professor contradicts this conclusion using three reasons.
Firstly, the text provides a reason for the declining population of the sea otter is due to polluted water by the industrial chemicals and oils which reduce resistance power of otter to deal with the infection in contrast teacher states that if sea otter died due to infection using polluted water. There is no evidence that their dead bodies were found on shores.
Secondly, the reading tells that other mammals' population also decreased due to pollution on the other hand lecturer argues that predators like orcas cause a reducing number of otters.
Finally, the author from the passage claims that this pollution pattern is not constant over the coastal area which results in an irregular number of declining in sea otters however, the teacher asserts that predators like orcas live in areas where deep water is present and their population of otter has also declined additionally population in the shallow area still stand constant this tells that lecturer is more towards the reason of declining population is due to attacks by predators rather than environmental pollution.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
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| 2023-04-24 | sonyeoso | 70 | view |
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| 2022-08-27 | yxfets6 | 80 | view |
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 41, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'mammals'' or 'mammal's'?
Suggestion: mammals'; mammal's
... Secondly, the reading tells that other mammals population also decreased due to pollut...
^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, finally, first, firstly, however, if, second, secondly, so, still, in contrast, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 8.0 10.4613686534 76% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 0.0 5.04856512141 0% => OK
Conjunction : 2.0 7.30242825607 27% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 12.0 12.0772626932 99% => OK
Pronoun: 14.0 22.412803532 62% => OK
Preposition: 30.0 30.3222958057 99% => OK
Nominalization: 14.0 5.01324503311 279% => Less nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1145.0 1373.03311258 83% => OK
No of words: 219.0 270.72406181 81% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.22831050228 5.08290768461 103% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.84690116678 4.04702891845 95% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.57947626392 2.5805825403 100% => OK
Unique words: 119.0 145.348785872 82% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.543378995434 0.540411800872 101% => OK
syllable_count: 353.7 419.366225166 84% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 0.0 3.25607064018 0% => OK
Article: 5.0 8.23620309051 61% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 6.0 13.0662251656 46% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 36.0 21.2450331126 169% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 152.147589166 49.2860985944 309% => The lengths of sentences changed so frequently.
Chars per sentence: 190.833333333 110.228320801 173% => OK
Words per sentence: 36.5 21.698381199 168% => OK
Discourse Markers: 17.1666666667 7.06452816374 243% => Less transition words/phrases wanted.
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 2.0 4.33554083885 46% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 4.45695364238 67% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 1.0 4.27373068433 23% => More facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.245687904626 0.272083759551 90% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.125923170091 0.0996497079465 126% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.121678007307 0.0662205650399 184% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.146329297959 0.162205337803 90% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0566873041267 0.0443174109184 128% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 21.5 13.3589403974 161% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 34.94 53.8541721854 65% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 17.3 11.0289183223 157% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.65 12.2367328918 112% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.39 8.42419426049 111% => OK
difficult_words: 55.0 63.6247240618 86% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 13.5 10.7273730684 126% => OK
gunning_fog: 16.4 10.498013245 156% => OK
text_standard: 14.0 11.2008830022 125% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 76.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 23.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.