Native to Europe and Asia, cheatgrass is an invasive species of grass that is causing problems in North American fields. The plant quickly dominates fields that it has invaded and drives out other plants. This can cause, among other problems, severe damage to animal habitats and to scenic areas. Several solutions to the cheatgrass problem have been proposed by ecologists.
One option is to encourage animals such as cattle to feed on cheatgrass. Cattle and other livestock are known as grazers because they graze, or eat. small portions of grass or other plants throughout the day. If grazers were released in fields where cheatgrass is prevalent, the cheatgrass would be reduced That would create room for native species to reestablish themselves and flourish. This plan is appealing because cheatgrass is most prevalent in areas of North America where cattle and other livestock are raised.
Another option is to burn the cheatgrass off the fields with controlled fires. This plan has the advantage of eliminating vast amounts of cheatgrass in a short time Cheatgrass, it turns out? is a highly flammable plant: it burns much more easily than the native plant species that have been crowded out. Strategically set fires could bum away the cheatgrass where it has come to dominate, creating space so the newly cleared fields could be reseeded with native grasses and other plants.
Still another option is to introduce a fungal parasite that specifically attacks cheatgrass. In Europe and Asia, where cheatgrass is a native species, there is a species of fungus that has the ability to prevent cheatgrass from reproducing. Introducing this fungus in North American fields where cheatgrass has proliferated could slow the spread of cheatgrass, making it possible for native species to better compete against cheatgrass
In the passage, the author concentrates on several arguments to prove that the Cheatgrass problem is solvable by presenting three solutions. However, the lecturer cast doubt on these arguments and respectively points out the problems with all author's assertions.
First of all, the passage mentions that cattle and other animals can eat the cheatgrass. They can reduce this species and help native species to survive and flourish again. The lecturer, however, highlighted the fact that cheatgrass is not the only plant that cattle prefer to eat. Actually, they consume native species and destroy them, therefore this plan can present the opposite result.
Moreover, the passage recommends using controlled fire to remove cheatgrass from nature in a short time. Because it is highly flammable. By this idea, controlled fire can make new space for other native plants to grow. Conversely, with reference to the account of the lecture, Cheatgrass produces many seeds which they are underground and can sprout after any fire. Accordingly, controlled fire will not be helpful and conversely they will come back after the fire.
The final point discussed in the passage has to do with using a fungal parasite to attack cheatgrass in order to eliminate this kind of grass from lands. The passage proposed to use a special kind of fungus that exists in Europe and Asia where Cheatgrass is a native plant. The lecturer brings up the fact that Cheatgrass is persistent against the fungus because they lived together for a long time. Although the fungus parasite just destroys weak Cheatgrass, as a result, it will not be beneficial.
In nutshell, by giving all these three reasons, the lecturer successfully goes against the author's claims.
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 5, column 106, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “Because” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
...cheatgrass from nature in a short time. Because it is highly flammable. By this idea, c...
^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 275, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
...sia where Cheatgrass is a native plant. The lecturer brings up the fact that Cheatg...
^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
accordingly, actually, conversely, first, however, moreover, so, therefore, as to, kind of, as a result, first of all, with reference to
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 8.0 10.4613686534 76% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 8.0 5.04856512141 158% => OK
Conjunction : 8.0 7.30242825607 110% => OK
Relative clauses : 8.0 12.0772626932 66% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 20.0 22.412803532 89% => OK
Preposition: 38.0 30.3222958057 125% => OK
Nominalization: 1.0 5.01324503311 20% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1465.0 1373.03311258 107% => OK
No of words: 280.0 270.72406181 103% => OK
Chars per words: 5.23214285714 5.08290768461 103% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.09062348924 4.04702891845 101% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.6653267786 2.5805825403 103% => OK
Unique words: 156.0 145.348785872 107% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.557142857143 0.540411800872 103% => OK
syllable_count: 438.3 419.366225166 105% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 3.25607064018 92% => OK
Article: 9.0 8.23620309051 109% => OK
Subordination: 3.0 1.25165562914 240% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 5.0 2.5761589404 194% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 16.0 13.0662251656 122% => OK
Sentence length: 17.0 21.2450331126 80% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 28.4153760093 49.2860985944 58% => The essay contains lots of sentences with the similar length. More sentence varieties wanted.
Chars per sentence: 91.5625 110.228320801 83% => OK
Words per sentence: 17.5 21.698381199 81% => OK
Discourse Markers: 8.5 7.06452816374 120% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.09492273731 122% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 4.33554083885 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 9.0 4.45695364238 202% => Less negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.27373068433 94% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.209344234775 0.272083759551 77% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0692214848183 0.0996497079465 69% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0562983855529 0.0662205650399 85% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.100898890173 0.162205337803 62% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.06109059514 0.0443174109184 138% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.0 13.3589403974 90% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 54.22 53.8541721854 101% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.9 11.0289183223 90% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.76 12.2367328918 104% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.48 8.42419426049 101% => OK
difficult_words: 71.0 63.6247240618 112% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 7.5 10.7273730684 70% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.8 10.498013245 84% => OK
text_standard: 10.0 11.2008830022 89% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 76.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 23.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.