Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they challenge the specific points made in the reading passage.
Humans have long been fascinated by elephants, the largest land animal in the modern world. Social animals that live in herds, elephants are native to both Africa and Asia. Their large ears, long trunk, and long life span have made elephants one of the most captivating creatures on Earth. Our long-standing interest in elephants has led to several beliefs about surprising elephant behaviors.
Elephants Are Aware of Approaching Death
One of the popular beliefs is that when elephants become old and weak, they know that they are nearing the end of their lives. They demonstrate this by breaking away from their herds and going off alone to certain locations often found near bodies of water—so called “elephant graveyards”—to die alone. The idea that old elephants seem aware that they will die soon is supported by the discovery of many sites containing bones exclusively of elderly elephants.
Representing Objects through Art
Additionally, elephants seem to have artistic ability. Elephants can be taught to hold a paintbrush in their trunk and use it to paint on a canvas. Some elephants have been known to paint drawings that represent recognizable things: flowers, other elephants, even themselves. This talent makes elephants the only animal other than humans to produce art representing the world around them.
Fear of Mice
Finally, it has long been believed that elephants have a fear of mice. In 77 C.E., the Roman philosopher and scientist Pliny the Elder wrote that elephants are more afraid of mice, small mammals that can do elephants no harm, than of the much more dangerous animals with which elephants normally share an environment, such as lions or tigers. In a recent scientific experiment in which a herd of elephants was confronted with several mice, the elephants backed away from the mice and left the area to avoid them.
The reading shows us three beliefs about elephant behaviours, however, the lecture tells us they are all misunderstanding.
First of all, the reading states that what we called "elephant graveyards" proves that elephants know they are nearing the death. But the listening claims it's not true. Because when an elephant gets old, its teeth can't be use as well as in the past, which means it needs to find soft vegetations for food, which are usually near the water. As a result, the old elephant eat there, sleep there and finally dead near bodies of water.
On top of that, the reading says that the ability of drawing is the result of their artistic ability. As for this aspect, the listening shows the elephants always draw those flowers or even themelves as they have been trained for finishing a picture after their ears are touched. So they may not know the exact meaning of the picture.
Besides, the reading regards elephants as an animal that have a fear of mice. Nevertheless, the explanation of the evidence that elephants share an enviroment with more dangerous animals, such as lions, and kept back away from little mice in a research is because of natural instinct, for elephants are unfamiliar with those mice. Once elephants mice are put together with mice in a while, they don't mind them anymore.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2022-08-25 | Liting Mai | 88 | view |
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 2, column 224, Rule ID: CANT[1]
Message: Did you mean 'can't' or 'cannot'?
Suggestion: can't; cannot
...se when an elephant gets old, its teeth cant be use as well as in the past, which me...
^^^^
Line 6, column 243, Rule ID: A_UNCOUNTABLE[1]
Message: Uncountable nouns are usually not used with an indefinite article. Use simply 'research'.
Suggestion: research
... and kept back away from little mice in a research is because of natural instinct, for ele...
^^^^^^^^^^
Line 6, column 396, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: don't
...put together with mice in a while, they dont mind them anymore.
^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
besides, but, finally, first, however, may, nevertheless, so, well, while, as for, such as, as a result, as well as, first of all, on top of that
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 10.0 10.4613686534 96% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 1.0 5.04856512141 20% => OK
Conjunction : 4.0 7.30242825607 55% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 9.0 12.0772626932 75% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 23.0 22.412803532 103% => OK
Preposition: 23.0 30.3222958057 76% => OK
Nominalization: 3.0 5.01324503311 60% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1103.0 1373.03311258 80% => OK
No of words: 226.0 270.72406181 83% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.88053097345 5.08290768461 96% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.87727950738 4.04702891845 96% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.63816649749 2.5805825403 102% => OK
Unique words: 141.0 145.348785872 97% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.62389380531 0.540411800872 115% => OK
syllable_count: 335.7 419.366225166 80% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 2.0 3.25607064018 61% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 3.0 1.25165562914 240% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 2.0 1.51434878587 132% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 11.0 13.0662251656 84% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 20.0 21.2450331126 94% => OK
Sentence length SD: 59.348668585 49.2860985944 120% => OK
Chars per sentence: 100.272727273 110.228320801 91% => OK
Words per sentence: 20.5454545455 21.698381199 95% => OK
Discourse Markers: 13.1818181818 7.06452816374 187% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 3.0 4.19205298013 72% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 4.33554083885 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 4.45695364238 112% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.27373068433 70% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.138505585263 0.272083759551 51% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0551244720953 0.0996497079465 55% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0437817807019 0.0662205650399 66% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0819525093904 0.162205337803 51% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.00817516436332 0.0443174109184 18% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.8 13.3589403974 88% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 59.64 53.8541721854 111% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.9 11.0289183223 90% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.02 12.2367328918 90% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.63 8.42419426049 91% => OK
difficult_words: 43.0 63.6247240618 68% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 8.0 10.7273730684 75% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.0 10.498013245 95% => OK
text_standard: 10.0 11.2008830022 89% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 71.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 21.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.