Abstracts of my articles

1. Assessment of the Landscape Quality based on the Subjectivist Paradigm
Abstract: Studies of landscape quality are part of the original information before designing. The landscape assessment has been carried out on the basis of two paradigms called objectivist paradigm and subjectivist paradigm. This research evaluates symbols of landscape based on the subjectivist or psychological paradigm. The purpose of the research is to understand the beholder’s perception of the quality of landscape and to use it in the design of a memorial garden. For surveying the landscape quality, different methods of taking pictures and scoring their visual and sensory elements were used in this research. Before scoring pictures, three concepts related to the theme of memorial garden are selected, and then students majoring in landscape architecture were asked to define these concepts in each of the landscape elements. Finally, the pictures of the site were scored according to the students’ definition of the rate implying the concepts in the mind of beholder. In this way, the designer can perform the sitting of landscape, which is considered a key factor, besides the other studies of site, to allocate accurately the proposed functions of the design.
KEY WORDS: landscape, quality, Subjectivist Paradigm, memorial garden

2. The war Memorial Garden Design based on symbolic percipience of plants.
ABSTRACT: The eight-year-old war between Iran & Iraq is a part of Iran history which carries a lot of cultural highly-valued meanings and date back to the Islamic and religious ideologies of the soldiers and people. This war is aimed to many culture results. It had many influences on literature, paining, photography and movie making arts that these were created for representing and preserving Islamic and idealistic values relevant to the war in Iran. Therefore, in this research with the purpose of designing a memorial garden, has used painting, specifically the analysis of Kazem Cahlipa’s work, which is prominent in the field of post-war symbolic art, as a design tool. In this design we used concepts, elements, symbols and signs which are related to art after the war between Iran and Iraq. In addition, in the proposed design plan, aside from the usage of symbols, the composition, texture, color and form of the elements and plants in particular, have been used to imply the abstract concept in the creation of spaces. The results of this research introduce a process for using mental and sensorial perceptions of elements. This process can be applied for implying of special concepts in the environmental.
KEY WORDS: Memorial Garden, Symbol, War, Landscape, Conceptual Design

3. The principles and practicalities’ evaluation of the Healing Gardens with the aim of increasing the idea of healing in urban spaces.
Abstract: The evidence of the urbanization growth besides profits which it can have for the residents in the cities has caused some problems. The stress and disorders of the urban lives and the pollutions in the large cities have made social and individual health decrease. Therefore, it is necessary that some tact be considered in order to diminish these negative effects. In the recent years the results which have proved the physical environment’s effect on human health have caused to appear a movement in the architecture called “Health Design”. Influence of this movement on the landscape Architecture appeared in forms of “Healing Garden”. The designers of these gardens try to create places with green covers and physical elements that have positive effects on users and provide them with mental and physical health. In this article, it’s tried to definite the practical roles of the Healing Gardens through surveying the universal cases of them. The results of this articles show that most of the global cases of the Healing Garden are related to the medical spaces and the hospitals. However, the need of spaces with the practice of healing is felt in the public spaces of cities. As a result, these gardens should be designed and allocated in the ways that have easy access for publics in cities.
Keywords: Garden, Healing, City, Design, Practicality

4. Symbolic surveying of war’s paintings for primitive ideas and sketches in designing of ‘Sacred Defense Garden’
Abstract: Art is definitely one of the realities of each culture and history. The distinction of values, concepts and symbols of a community is also possible by surveying of the art of that community. One of the cultural adventures which has often effected on the art is the wars. The painting has been affected by the war more than other arts. In Iran, the art formed by the war during eight years and after that, in particular, has played the important role in implying the concepts and values of people. The memorial gardens which are being built in most cities of Iran recently aim at implying the concepts and values of the war. The representation of the values in the space is just performed by the symbols and signs. Therefore, this research is used by surveying of the paintings. The concepts, values, and symbols achieved by the analysis of the war’s paintings are depicted in the primitive and conceptual ideas and draws. Finally, these draws could be used as the primitive thoughts and lines to design the ‘Sacred Defense’ memorial museums, gardens and spaces in Iran.
Key words: Memorial garden, Painting, design

5. Achieving to basic principles for the memorial garden design with the use of surveying and evaluating of a number of global memorial garden
Abstract: Design of the monuments is changed during the recent years and building of the statues is replaced by the creation of memorial gardens. According to Walter Benjamin- outstanding wisdom of recent century about modern word’s mutations in Architecture-the issue in which the monuments and statues have gotten panegyric and fictional sides which have no importance in modern cities. Now, this question is come up that how characteristics of the memorial gardens have made them different from the monuments. This research based on the garden’s common uses of some elements such as plant, water, monument, light, and remnants of the adventure tries to distinct and survey a number of global memorial gardens. Finally, the number of principles is posed and prepared for the designs of memorial gardens. These principles can draw designer’s attention to memorial gardens and spaces. The results of research show that the memorial garden when does well that cultural concepts are depicted with the symbolic ways involved with people and cities.
Key words: memorial garden, elements, design, modern community