research planning
For some years, lately, there are numerous of slope failures that occur in Indonesia. The natural disaster have killed hundreds of people and have caused millions in infrastructure damage. This happens mainly in rainy season. Wrong infrastructure management of hill-side residences and heavy rainfall are indicated as triggers of the disaster.
Thus, as a prevention, there is a need to produce warning map for landslide for regional scale. This case uses TRIGRS (Transient Rainfall Infiltration and Grid-Based Regional Slope-Stability Analysis) to solve the problem. TRIGRS processes all geotechnical, rainfall and map data in spatial analysis. The program uses topography, flow direction, engineering properties, rainfall and SWCC (Soil Water characteristic Curve) as the main consideration in processing data. However, TRIGRS does not include some primary variables, such as vegetation and land-use as land cover. By considering these variables there will better approach on finding appropriate solution.
A surface soil cover—i.e. paving or vegetation, will determine land permeability. Low permeability land —i.e. pavement, will not allow rainfall to pass through it into subsurface soil, then causes flash water-flow overland. Due to the run-off, rainfall can trigger debris flow in slope area and flood in urban area. Otherwise, permeable land will allow storm-water to infiltrate into soil as a water storage. On the other hand, high infiltration will decrease soil strength and enlarge soil mass, cause landslide later. In this case, vegetation is necessary to strengthen the soil.
Based on the reason, it is necessary to involve land-use and vegetation to determine the percentage of rainfall that infiltrates to soil or being run-off in the TRIGRS analysis. Both variable will be represented by land-use map and run-off coefficient in TRIGRS analysis. For example, an urban area that spreads a hill covers land with concrete and asphalt will have run-off coefficient (0.75 to 0.95). This means almost all rain drops overland is being run off. Consequently, rainfall will incline to trigger erosion and debris flow. Thus vegetation and drainage is a proper solution to stabilize soil.
To deal with the project there will be a need of TRIGRS’s compile uses MATLAB. The compilation process will be focused in map and geotechnical variable input. Land-use map must be adjusted to the existing condition and represented by grid. Each grid must represent group of land use, such as property, hence there will be one value of run-of coefficient/grid.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021-09-07 | minhnguyet0506 | view | |
| 2017-12-10 | gayuh | 11 | view |
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 4, column 534, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Thus,
...ine to trigger erosion and debris flow. Thus vegetation and drainage is a proper sol...
^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
consequently, hence, however, so, then, thus, for example, such as, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 14.0 13.1623246493 106% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 16.0 7.85571142285 204% => Less auxiliary verb wanted.
Conjunction : 17.0 10.4138276553 163% => OK
Relative clauses : 3.0 7.30460921844 41% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 12.0 24.0651302605 50% => OK
Preposition: 51.0 41.998997996 121% => OK
Nominalization: 15.0 8.3376753507 180% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2172.0 1615.20841683 134% => OK
No of words: 392.0 315.596192385 124% => OK
Chars per words: 5.54081632653 5.12529762239 108% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.44960558625 4.20363070211 106% => OK
Word Length SD: 3.05303325863 2.80592935109 109% => OK
Unique words: 220.0 176.041082164 125% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.561224489796 0.561755894193 100% => OK
syllable_count: 664.2 506.74238477 131% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.7 1.60771543086 106% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 5.43587174349 74% => OK
Article: 5.0 2.52805611222 198% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 2.10420841683 48% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 0.809619238477 0% => OK
Preposition: 4.0 4.76152304609 84% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 26.0 16.0721442886 162% => OK
Sentence length: 15.0 20.2975951904 74% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 31.2948376558 49.4020404114 63% => OK
Chars per sentence: 83.5384615385 106.682146367 78% => OK
Words per sentence: 15.0769230769 20.7667163134 73% => OK
Discourse Markers: 3.26923076923 7.06120827912 46% => More transition words/phrases wanted.
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.38176352705 114% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 5.01903807615 20% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 7.0 8.67935871743 81% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 7.0 3.9879759519 176% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 12.0 3.4128256513 352% => Less facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.0 0.244688304435 0% => The similarity between the topic and the content is low.
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0 0.084324248473 0% => Sentence topic similarity is low.
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0 0.0667982634062 0% => Sentences are similar to each other.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0 0.151304729494 0% => Maybe some paragraphs are off the topic.
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0 0.056905535591 0% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.2 13.0946893788 93% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 47.79 50.2224549098 95% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.44779559118 118% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.3 11.3001002004 91% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 14.26 12.4159519038 115% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.62 8.58950901804 112% => OK
difficult_words: 130.0 78.4519038076 166% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 7.0 9.78957915832 72% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.0 10.1190380762 79% => OK
text_standard: 10.0 10.7795591182 93% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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It is not exactly right on the topic in the view of e-grader. Maybe there is a wrong essay topic.
Rates: 11.2359550562 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 0.67 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.