The author mainly discusses about the fact that most animals which existed in the past were bigger compared to those that exists in the present day world. In the passage, occurrence of large sized animals in the past is explained by specific reasons which are put to question by the professor and supports his claim with solid explanations.
First of all, the author attributes the huge size of animals to the early earth's abundant supply of oxygen because it is believed that an oxygen-rich environment promotes greater growth in living species. This explanation by the author is ruled out by the point made by the professor that early earth was, in fact, full of volcanoes emitting poisonous gases now and then. These recurring volcanic activities might have contaminated the air making the amount of pure oxygen available for living organisms lower.
As the second explanation of why animals in the past had large bodies, the author avers that adequate amount of nutrients must have made it possible for the animals to have gigantic figures. Early earth was a place full of abundant plant life and this must have aided in availability of nutrients for the animals. The professor rebuts this claim with an apt statement about how fossils of plants from early earth showed that these plants were low in nutrition. Nutritional scarcity in the plant species from the past must be due to the contamination of air caused by volcanic activities and hence these plants did not get the required amount of carbon-dioxide for photosynthesis.
Finally, it is claimed in the passage that the earth's warm climate must have helped in enhanced growth of past animals as they did not have to expend energy to stay warm. But, in contrast to what is asserted in the passage, the professor clearly says that, in reality, small people or smaller sized animals are usually found in warm climatic regions. This proves that the author's final claim has no credibility. The lecture states that having a large body in warm places is actually a disadvantage as need o expend more energy to keep themselves alive. Also, people in warm areas have to cool themselves down asap in order to maintain their body temperature. Thus, all the points made in the passage are nullified by the explanations provided in the lecture.
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Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, also, but, finally, first, hence, if, second, so, then, thus, in contrast, in fact, first of all, in contrast to
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 14.0 10.4613686534 134% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 6.0 5.04856512141 119% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 7.30242825607 68% => OK
Relative clauses : 12.0 12.0772626932 99% => OK
Pronoun: 26.0 22.412803532 116% => OK
Preposition: 66.0 30.3222958057 218% => Less preposition wanted.
Nominalization: 8.0 5.01324503311 160% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1915.0 1373.03311258 139% => OK
No of words: 388.0 270.72406181 143% => Less content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.93556701031 5.08290768461 97% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.43821085614 4.04702891845 110% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.61216012907 2.5805825403 101% => OK
Unique words: 202.0 145.348785872 139% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.520618556701 0.540411800872 96% => OK
syllable_count: 604.8 419.366225166 144% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 3.25607064018 123% => OK
Article: 6.0 8.23620309051 73% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 4.0 2.5761589404 155% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 15.0 13.0662251656 115% => OK
Sentence length: 25.0 21.2450331126 118% => OK
Sentence length SD: 41.3141891149 49.2860985944 84% => OK
Chars per sentence: 127.666666667 110.228320801 116% => OK
Words per sentence: 25.8666666667 21.698381199 119% => OK
Discourse Markers: 8.13333333333 7.06452816374 115% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 7.0 4.33554083885 161% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 4.45695364238 90% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.27373068433 94% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.378543098793 0.272083759551 139% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.118552021605 0.0996497079465 119% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0734338867931 0.0662205650399 111% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.213865918337 0.162205337803 132% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0575519176342 0.0443174109184 130% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.8 13.3589403974 111% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 46.1 53.8541721854 86% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 13.0 11.0289183223 118% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.67 12.2367328918 95% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.86 8.42419426049 105% => OK
difficult_words: 98.0 63.6247240618 154% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 14.0 10.7273730684 131% => OK
gunning_fog: 12.0 10.498013245 114% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.2008830022 107% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.