The article states that, there were unusually harsh winters and glaciers grew larger in many areas from about the year 1350 until 1900 CE. This period is called the little ice age. The article proposes three causes the Little Ice Age. However, the professor explains that the article information are little out of date and scientists now have new information about the Little Ice Age. The professor refutes each of the author's causes.
First, the reading claims that the cooling may have been caused by disrupting of ocean currents, especially the Gulf Stream, by a large amount of cold fresh water. The professor refutes this point by saying that this disruption only had effects on Europe and North America. He states that the cooling happened also in southern hemisphere like New Zealand and South Africa. So this disruption could not cause the Little Ice Age.
Second, the article posits that volcanic eruption could have caused the Little Ice Age. However, the professor says that it is true volcanic eruptions put enough dust in air to make cooler climate, but this dust also have strictly vision effects. This effects change rainbow and snow patterns. There are no evidence of recording this irregularities in that period of time, so this argument is strongly not enough to cause the Little Ice Age.
Third, the article says that substantial decreases in human population and resultant decline in agriculture may have contributed to the cooling of the climate. The professor opposes this by explaining that there was not enough time for this decreases in farming lands to work. We also learn that at following years forest soon cut down and as result their temporary abundance could not have long term effect on the cooling of the climate.
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- The little ice age was a period of unusually cold temperature in many parts of the world that lasted from about the year 1350 until 1900CE. There were unusually harsh winters, and glaciers grew larger in many areas. Scientist have long wondered what cause 70
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 259, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...isruption only had effects on Europe and North America. He states that the coolin...
^^
Line 5, column 232, Rule ID: HAVE_PART_AGREEMENT[2]
Message: Possible agreement error -- use past participle here: 'visioned'.
Suggestion: visioned
...imate, but this dust also have strictly vision effects. This effects change rainbow an...
^^^^^^
Line 5, column 330, Rule ID: THIS_NNS[1]
Message: Did you mean 'these'?
Suggestion: these
...rns. There are no evidence of recording this irregularities in that period of time, ...
^^^^
Line 5, column 358, Rule ID: PERIOD_OF_TIME[1]
Message: Use simply 'period'.
Suggestion: period
...f recording this irregularities in that period of time, so this argument is strongly not enoug...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 237, Rule ID: THIS_NNS[1]
Message: Did you mean 'these'?
Suggestion: these
...ning that there was not enough time for this decreases in farming lands to work. We ...
^^^^
Line 7, column 397, Rule ID: HAVE_PART_AGREEMENT[2]
Message: Possible agreement error -- use past participle here: 'termed'.
Suggestion: termed
...temporary abundance could not have long term effect on the cooling of the climate.
^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, however, may, second, so, third, it is true
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 8.0 10.4613686534 76% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 5.0 5.04856512141 99% => OK
Conjunction : 8.0 7.30242825607 110% => OK
Relative clauses : 11.0 12.0772626932 91% => OK
Pronoun: 25.0 22.412803532 112% => OK
Preposition: 32.0 30.3222958057 106% => OK
Nominalization: 9.0 5.01324503311 180% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1464.0 1373.03311258 107% => OK
No of words: 292.0 270.72406181 108% => OK
Chars per words: 5.01369863014 5.08290768461 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.13376432452 4.04702891845 102% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.38271517012 2.5805825403 92% => OK
Unique words: 159.0 145.348785872 109% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.544520547945 0.540411800872 101% => OK
syllable_count: 450.9 419.366225166 108% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 3.25607064018 123% => OK
Article: 10.0 8.23620309051 121% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 16.0 13.0662251656 122% => OK
Sentence length: 18.0 21.2450331126 85% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 45.6898084232 49.2860985944 93% => OK
Chars per sentence: 91.5 110.228320801 83% => OK
Words per sentence: 18.25 21.698381199 84% => OK
Discourse Markers: 3.8125 7.06452816374 54% => More transition words/phrases wanted.
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 6.0 4.19205298013 143% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 4.45695364238 112% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 7.0 4.27373068433 164% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.250825440375 0.272083759551 92% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0886838717026 0.0996497079465 89% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0958340624284 0.0662205650399 145% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.153659495809 0.162205337803 95% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.126522793275 0.0443174109184 285% => More connections among paragraphs wanted.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.3 13.3589403974 85% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 61.67 53.8541721854 115% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.1 11.0289183223 83% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.78 12.2367328918 96% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.99 8.42419426049 95% => OK
difficult_words: 64.0 63.6247240618 101% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.0 10.7273730684 75% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.2 10.498013245 88% => OK
text_standard: 8.0 11.2008830022 71% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 70.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 21.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.