The rising levels of congestion and air pollution found in most of the world's
cities can be attributed directly to the rapidly increasing number of private cars in
use. In order to reverse this decline in the quality of life in cities, attempts must be
made to encourage people to use their cars less and public transport more.
Discuss possible ways to encourage the use of public transport.
Anyone who lives in a city is aware of the increasing number of cars on the road and the
kinds of problems this creates: traffic jams, air pollution and longer commuting periods. As
economies grow and access to cars spreads to increasing numbers of people, this trend
is likely to worsen. The solution, it would seem, is for government to encourage the use
of public transport in urban areas, thus decreasing dependence on the car.
One way to stimulate public transport use is to make private car use more expensive and
inconvenient. The introduction of tolls along urban motorways has been successfully
employed in many cities. Other such measures are high-priced permits for parking in
urban areas and the restriction of parking to a limited number of cars. Faced with high
costs or no place to park, commuters would perhaps be more willing to abandon their cars
in favour of buses or trains.
There are also less punishing ways of spurring public transport use. The construction of
free car parks at suburban train stations has proven successful in quite a number of
countries. This allows commuters to drive part of the way, but take public transport into
the central, most congested, urban areas.
Indeed, making public transport more comfortable and convenient should work to attract
more commuters and decrease traffic congestion. Public transport that is convenient and
comfortable retains its passengers, much like any business that satisfies its customers.
The more commuters committed to taking public transport, the less congestion on city
streets.
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Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, so, thus
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 9.0 13.1623246493 68% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 3.0 7.85571142285 38% => OK
Conjunction : 11.0 10.4138276553 106% => OK
Relative clauses : 3.0 7.30460921844 41% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 9.0 24.0651302605 37% => OK
Preposition: 39.0 41.998997996 93% => OK
Nominalization: 9.0 8.3376753507 108% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1350.0 1615.20841683 84% => OK
No of words: 253.0 315.596192385 80% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.33596837945 5.12529762239 104% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.98822939669 4.20363070211 95% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.77506951181 2.80592935109 99% => OK
Unique words: 154.0 176.041082164 87% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.608695652174 0.561755894193 108% => OK
syllable_count: 394.2 506.74238477 78% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.60771543086 100% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 5.43587174349 55% => OK
Article: 6.0 2.52805611222 237% => Less articles wanted as sentence beginning.
Subordination: 1.0 2.10420841683 48% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 0.809619238477 124% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 4.76152304609 42% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 13.0 16.0721442886 81% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 19.0 20.2975951904 94% => OK
Sentence length SD: 26.4762928455 49.4020404114 54% => The essay contains lots of sentences with the similar length. More sentence varieties wanted.
Chars per sentence: 103.846153846 106.682146367 97% => OK
Words per sentence: 19.4615384615 20.7667163134 94% => OK
Discourse Markers: 1.46153846154 7.06120827912 21% => More transition words/phrases wanted.
Paragraphs: 19.0 4.38176352705 434% => Less paragraphs wanted.
Language errors: 0.0 5.01903807615 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 8.67935871743 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 3.9879759519 150% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 1.0 3.4128256513 29% => More facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.116249011427 0.244688304435 48% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0445735574146 0.084324248473 53% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0424826148997 0.0667982634062 64% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0371921503731 0.151304729494 25% => Maybe some paragraphs are off the topic.
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0390677625264 0.056905535591 69% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.5 13.0946893788 103% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 52.19 50.2224549098 104% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 7.44779559118 42% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.7 11.3001002004 95% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.69 12.4159519038 110% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.95 8.58950901804 104% => OK
difficult_words: 70.0 78.4519038076 89% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 9.78957915832 112% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.6 10.1190380762 95% => OK
text_standard: 14.0 10.7795591182 130% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Maximum five paragraphs wanted.
More content wanted.
Rates: 61.797752809 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 5.5 Out of 9
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.