Starting in the 1960s and continuing until the 1980s, sailors in Russian submarines patrolling the North Atlantic and Arctic Ocean would occasionally hear strange sounds. These underwater noises reminded the submarine crews of frog croaks, so they called the sounds "quackers" (from the Russian word for frog sounds). The sources of the sound seemed to be moving with great speed and agility; however, the submarines' sonar (a method of detecting objects underwater) was unable to detect any solid moving objects in the area. There are several theories about what might have caused the odd sounds.
The first theory suggests that the strange noises were actually the calls of male and female orca whales during a courtship ritual. Orca whales are known to inhabit the areas where the submarines were picking up the bizarre noises. Orcas have been studied extensively, and the sounds they make when trying to attract a mate are similar to those that the submarines were detecting.
A second idea is that the sounds were caused by giant squid. Giant squid are giant marine invertebrates that live deep in the ocean and prey on large fish. They are difficult to detect by sonar because they have soft bodies with no skeleton. Not much is known about giant squid behavior, but their complex brains suggest they are intelligent animals. It is possible they have the ability to emit sound, and perhaps they approached the submarines out of curiosity.
A third theory suggests the Russian submarines were picking up stray sounds from some military technology, like another country's submarines that were secretly patrolling the area. Perhaps the foreign submarines did not register on the sonar because they were using a kind of technology specifically designed to make them undetectable by sonar. The strange froglike sounds may have been emitted by the foreign submarines unintentionally.
The reading states that the Russian submarine was unable to detect the real reasons of sound
and the submarine sonar unable to detect any solid moving objects in the area and provides
three reasons of support. The lecturer challenges the claims made by the author. he explains that
Although few arrangement could find out the reasons of this sound, none of these theories are convincing and lecturer refutes each of the author's claims.
First of all, the article argue's that during a courtship ritual, the male and female orca whales
produce this odd sound. In the article sais that Orca whales inhabit the same area where
the submarines were the picking up the bizarre noises. This specific argument is challenged by the lecturer. He says that
It is very unlikely that submarine detect this odd sound because orca like to live surface of the water but submarines stayed beneath the water. thus submarine could not detect this sound.
Secondly, the article states that giant squid would have ability to emit sound. The lecturer, however, rebuts this claim that It was not sudden matter that submarines detect squid sound because they produce sound suddenly and stop suddenly. Furthermore, The lecturer elaborates on this by bringing up the point that submarine had detected squid sound from 1960 and continuously detected to 1980.but recent time submarine can not bother Squad sound and does not detected sound but squad now produce sound regularly. hence, this theory is unconvincing.
Finally, The article posits that the third theory is the strange froglike sounds might be emitted by the foreign submarines. because they might have used some advance technique specially designed to make them undetectable by sonar. In contrast, the lecturer's position is that it would not possible for Russian submarines to hold up any sound because it is not fast. Moreover, the lecturer says that any advance technique does not included submarines.so, it would not possible to detect any sound and move fast
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 5, column 1, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Three
...ving objects in the area and provides three reasons of support. The lecturer challe...
^^^^^
Line 5, column 82, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: He
...allenges the claims made by the author. he explains that Although few arrangeme...
^^
Line 5, column 98, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ims made by the author. he explains that Although few arrangement could find out ...
^^^^
Line 7, column 10, Rule ID: MANY_NN[1]
Message: Possible agreement error. The noun arrangement seems to be countable; consider using: 'few arrangements'.
Suggestion: few arrangements
...he author. he explains that Although few arrangement could find out the reasons of this soun...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 13, column 1, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Produce
...tual, the male and female orca whales produce this odd sound. In the article sais tha...
^^^^^^^
Line 13, column 89, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... Orca whales inhabit the same area where the submarines were the picking up the b...
^^^^
Line 15, column 1, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: The
...a whales inhabit the same area where the submarines were the picking up the biza...
^^^
Line 15, column 122, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...challenged by the lecturer. He says that It is very unlikely that submarine detec...
^^^^
Line 17, column 146, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Thus
...ut submarines stayed beneath the water. thus submarine could not detect this sound. ...
^^^^
Line 17, column 146, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: thus,
...ut submarines stayed beneath the water. thus submarine could not detect this sound. ...
^^^^
Line 21, column 462, Rule ID: DID_BASEFORM[3]
Message: The verb 'does' requires base form of the verb: 'detect'
Suggestion: detect
...can not bother Squad sound and does not detected sound but squad now produce sound regul...
^^^^^^^^
Line 21, column 517, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Hence
...but squad now produce sound regularly. hence, this theory is unconvincing. Fina...
^^^^^
Line 25, column 126, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Because
...t be emitted by the foreign submarines. because they might have used some advance techn...
^^^^^^^
Line 25, column 126, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “because” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
...t be emitted by the foreign submarines. because they might have used some advance techn...
^^^^^^^
Line 25, column 431, Rule ID: DID_BASEFORM[3]
Message: The verb 'does' requires base form of the verb: 'include'
Suggestion: include
...ays that any advance technique does not included submarines.so, it would not possible to...
^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, finally, first, furthermore, hence, however, if, moreover, second, secondly, so, third, thus, in contrast, first of all
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 11.0 10.4613686534 105% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 8.0 5.04856512141 158% => OK
Conjunction : 11.0 7.30242825607 151% => OK
Relative clauses : 14.0 12.0772626932 116% => OK
Pronoun: 32.0 22.412803532 143% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 32.0 30.3222958057 106% => OK
Nominalization: 5.0 5.01324503311 100% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1703.0 1373.03311258 124% => OK
No of words: 327.0 270.72406181 121% => OK
Chars per words: 5.20795107034 5.08290768461 102% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.25242769721 4.04702891845 105% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.45003182999 2.5805825403 95% => OK
Unique words: 167.0 145.348785872 115% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.510703363914 0.540411800872 95% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 515.7 419.366225166 123% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 6.0 3.25607064018 184% => OK
Article: 11.0 8.23620309051 134% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 2.0 1.51434878587 132% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 16.0 13.0662251656 122% => OK
Sentence length: 20.0 21.2450331126 94% => OK
Sentence length SD: 62.4159121839 49.2860985944 127% => OK
Chars per sentence: 106.4375 110.228320801 97% => OK
Words per sentence: 20.4375 21.698381199 94% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.75 7.06452816374 110% => OK
Paragraphs: 10.0 4.09492273731 244% => Less paragraphs wanted.
Language errors: 15.0 4.19205298013 358% => Less language errors wanted.
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 4.33554083885 115% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 4.45695364238 135% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.27373068433 117% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.112783650663 0.272083759551 41% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0425545049867 0.0996497079465 43% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0342599929534 0.0662205650399 52% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0488370914894 0.162205337803 30% => Maybe some paragraphs are off the topic.
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.038183877211 0.0443174109184 86% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.3 13.3589403974 100% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 51.18 53.8541721854 95% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.1 11.0289183223 101% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.94 12.2367328918 106% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.35 8.42419426049 99% => OK
difficult_words: 77.0 63.6247240618 121% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 9.0 10.7273730684 84% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.0 10.498013245 95% => OK
text_standard: 13.0 11.2008830022 116% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Maximum four paragraphs wanted.
Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.