fluoride addition to drinking water
The reading passage discusses three main advantages for adding fluoride to drinking water. However, the speaker in the lecture casts doubt on the claims made in the article. She holds that processing water with fluoride could end up being detrimental and all the advantages mentioned in the reading passage are actually controversial.
To begin with, the writer assumes that many studies conducted by well-known institutions, such as the center for disease control, have concluded that fluoride guard against tooth decay. Nevertheless, the lecturer challenges this point of view. She indicates that all brands of toothpaste contain fluoride and no need to add more in the drinking water. According to the lecture, even though some European countries like Sweden and the Netherlands have abandoned the practice of fluoride addition to drinking water for 30 years, there have been no decline reported in dental health.
Secondly, the excerpt postulates that fluorinated water is purer since fluoride kills all microorganisms that could cause infections. In contrast, the professor brings up the fact that the toxic fluoride ions have severely harmful side effects on humans as they increase the dissolution of lead ions, which are extremely poisonous, from inside water pipes. As a result, the governments have to carefully monitor the amount of fluoride added to water to avoid any disaster that could occur due to excessive quantities. The lecturer further elaborates that other safer options for purification are available, such as filtration, utilizing ultraviolet radiation or chlorine addition.
Lastly, the author posits that fluoride makes bone structure denser and more resilient to osteoporosis or fractures due to falls. On the other hand, the lecturer argues that the risks outweigh the benefits since fluoride insertion could represent a higher risk for a specific kind of cancer in young boys called osteosarcoma. Moreover, accumulation of fluoride in bones could lead to chemical florosis, which is characterized by stiffness, pain and brittle bone structure
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- MVC 3
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 5, column 130, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... such as the center for disease control, have concluded that fluoride guard again...
^^
Line 13, column 472, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...iffness, pain and brittle bone structure
^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, however, if, lastly, moreover, nevertheless, second, secondly, so, well, in contrast, kind of, such as, as a result, to begin with, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 7.0 10.4613686534 67% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 6.0 5.04856512141 119% => OK
Conjunction : 7.0 7.30242825607 96% => OK
Relative clauses : 13.0 12.0772626932 108% => OK
Pronoun: 15.0 22.412803532 67% => OK
Preposition: 42.0 30.3222958057 139% => OK
Nominalization: 8.0 5.01324503311 160% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1772.0 1373.03311258 129% => OK
No of words: 318.0 270.72406181 117% => OK
Chars per words: 5.57232704403 5.08290768461 110% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.22286093782 4.04702891845 104% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.85800619984 2.5805825403 111% => OK
Unique words: 194.0 145.348785872 133% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.610062893082 0.540411800872 113% => OK
syllable_count: 541.8 419.366225166 129% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.7 1.55342163355 109% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 2.0 3.25607064018 61% => OK
Article: 10.0 8.23620309051 121% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 5.0 2.5761589404 194% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 14.0 13.0662251656 107% => OK
Sentence length: 22.0 21.2450331126 104% => OK
Sentence length SD: 49.4770612692 49.2860985944 100% => OK
Chars per sentence: 126.571428571 110.228320801 115% => OK
Words per sentence: 22.7142857143 21.698381199 105% => OK
Discourse Markers: 11.3571428571 7.06452816374 161% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 9.0 4.45695364238 202% => Less negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 1.0 4.27373068433 23% => More facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.383673036406 0.272083759551 141% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.120399994686 0.0996497079465 121% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.1017875564 0.0662205650399 154% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.215233490566 0.162205337803 133% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0794935123417 0.0443174109184 179% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 16.2 13.3589403974 121% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 40.69 53.8541721854 76% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 13.1 11.0289183223 119% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 15.32 12.2367328918 125% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 10.14 8.42419426049 120% => OK
difficult_words: 109.0 63.6247240618 171% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.5 10.7273730684 79% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.8 10.498013245 103% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.2008830022 98% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 90.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 27.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.