tpo40 integrated

The article is mainly about sending humans to mars. it provides three reasons that it is impossible to send humans to mars, at least these days. however, the professor explains that it may be possible to send humans to mars and refutes each of the author’s reasons.

First, the reading claims that traveling to mars takes so long, perhaps nearly two years. The cargo capacity of the spaceship will not allow it to carry enough food, water, and oxygen for two years. The professor refutes this point by saying that this problem is solvable. There is a kind of plant that grows in water instead of soil. Therefore, it is easy to cultivate and consume it during the journey. Moreover, by utilizing water-recycling methods, it is easy to provide the required water, and almost every plant does photosynthesis and converts carbon dioxide to oxygen.

Second, the article posits that the zero gravity of mars is the problem, and the human body cannot bear it for a long time. however, the professor says astronauts have been in the moon orbits for months with zero gravity. they know that they have to do some special exercises and consume specific vitamins and minerals, such as calcium, to prevent their muscle and bone densities from weakening.

Third, the reading says that the spaceship is exposed to dangerous solar radiation that harms humans. The professor opposes this by explaining that solar radiations are not always dangerous; however, it is avoidable to be exposed to them by using special instruments to monitor them and using light shelters whenever the instruments detect dangerous radiations.